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<p>Phenol, as a representative organic pollutant in industrial wastewater, poses a critical challenge for environmental remediation. In this study, titanium-doped iron tailings-based heterogeneous catalysts (Ti/PCG) with enhanced electron transfer kinetics were synthesized via a high-temperature sintering method and evaluated for their photo-Fenton degradation efficiency toward phenol. The Ti/PCG catalysts were systematically characterized via SEM, BET, XPS, and photoelectrochemical analyses to elucidate their structural and electronic properties. Results indicated that 15% TiO<sub>2</sub>-doped Ti/PCG exhibited optimal properties, including the largest specific surface area, well-developed hierarchical pore structures, superior charge transfer capacity, and high carrier separation efficiency. Under optimized conditions (pH = 2.75, 0.2 ml H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (30 wt%), and 1 h light irradiation), the 15% Ti/PCG achieved 80.68% removal of phenol (initial concentration: 100 ppm). Mott-Schottky and VB-XPS analyses confirmed the n-type semiconductor behavior of the 15% Ti/PCG, with a conduction band (E<sub>CB</sub>) at −&#xa0;0.455 eV and a valence band (E<sub>VB</sub>) at 2.09 eV, enabling the proposal of a plausible photo-Fenton degradation mechanism. Radical trapping experiments further demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) dominated the phenol degradation process. This work provides an optimized photo-Fenton strategy for phenol-laden wastewater treatment with 80.68% degradation efficiency, while demonstrating the potential of industrial solid wastes as sustainable catalysts in environmental remediation.</p>

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TiO2-Doped Fe-Tailings Heterogeneous Catalysts: Engineering Synergistic Photocatalytic-Fenton Pathways for High-Efficiency Phenol Mineralization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Wen-hao Zhang,
  • Yu Wei,
  • Qi Yu,
  • Chun-heng Wang,
  • Xue-fei Lei,
  • Shao-hua Luo,
  • Huan-huan Chen,
  • Wen-ning Mu

摘要

Phenol, as a representative organic pollutant in industrial wastewater, poses a critical challenge for environmental remediation. In this study, titanium-doped iron tailings-based heterogeneous catalysts (Ti/PCG) with enhanced electron transfer kinetics were synthesized via a high-temperature sintering method and evaluated for their photo-Fenton degradation efficiency toward phenol. The Ti/PCG catalysts were systematically characterized via SEM, BET, XPS, and photoelectrochemical analyses to elucidate their structural and electronic properties. Results indicated that 15% TiO2-doped Ti/PCG exhibited optimal properties, including the largest specific surface area, well-developed hierarchical pore structures, superior charge transfer capacity, and high carrier separation efficiency. Under optimized conditions (pH = 2.75, 0.2 ml H2O2 (30 wt%), and 1 h light irradiation), the 15% Ti/PCG achieved 80.68% removal of phenol (initial concentration: 100 ppm). Mott-Schottky and VB-XPS analyses confirmed the n-type semiconductor behavior of the 15% Ti/PCG, with a conduction band (ECB) at − 0.455 eV and a valence band (EVB) at 2.09 eV, enabling the proposal of a plausible photo-Fenton degradation mechanism. Radical trapping experiments further demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2−) dominated the phenol degradation process. This work provides an optimized photo-Fenton strategy for phenol-laden wastewater treatment with 80.68% degradation efficiency, while demonstrating the potential of industrial solid wastes as sustainable catalysts in environmental remediation.