<p>Urban planning today faces significant challenges, particularly due to increasing environmental uncertainties and natural disaster vulnerabilities. As urban systems grow more complex, the need for cities to develop resilience against unexpected hazards becomes critical. Risk-sensitive physical urban planning (RSPUP) facilitates this transformation from vulnerability to resilience by integrating disaster risk reduction into urban development. The Strategic Planning Approach for Resilience Keeping (SPARK) method provides a powerful framework for this integration. This paper examines the application of the SPARK methodology in Tehran’s earthquake-prone District 10, by implementing a six-step scenario-building technique based on the physical characteristics of urban resilience as the research conceptual framework. For this purpose, this study employed “Cross-Impact Balance (CIB) analysis” to systematically describe all potential interactions between indicators and evaluate their strengths by MICMAC and Scenario Wizard software through a matrix of direct and indirect influences, which was conducted by an expert panel. The findings indicate that by implementing strategic planning through scenario-building techniques, designers and planners can explore various potential futures and their associated vulnerabilities, allowing them to develop adaptive strategies that effectively mitigate risks and enhance the physical resilience of the area in the face of uncertainties. These results highlight the central role of physical characteristics as foundational dimensions of urban resilience, and demonstrate how scenario-based planning can inform concrete policy measures—such as flexible zoning, adaptive reuse incentives, and decentralized infrastructure investments—to support resilient urban transformation.</p>