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<p>Transportation has a significant impact on public health, social interactions, and the environment. Measuring these impacts and their costs is crucial for evidence-based transportation policy-making. This study aims to assess the health impacts and opportunity cost of the Sadr Highway in Tehran using the health economic assessment tool (HEAT). Three alternative scenarios were developed based on the comprehensive plan of transportation and traffic, and the strategic planning for bicycle in Tehran. These scenarios included the development of the Line 7 subway, 130 km of BRT network, and 600 km of bike routes. The study evaluated the health impacts of each scenario on physical activity, air pollution, and carbon emissions by analyzing relative risk parameters, population attributable fraction, death rate, and the value of statistical life in Tehran. The results showed that the subway scenario could prevent the death of 103 people by promoting physical activity. The BRT and bike scenarios had even more significant impacts, preventing the death of 740 and 749 people, respectively. Additionally, the scenarios could save 29.67, 213.21, and 215.80 million dollars by reducing health expenses per year. While the subway and bicycle scenarios could reduce pollution by 34 and 1 ton per day, respectively, the BRT scenario had a greater impact, reducing pollution by 86.7 tons per day and resulting in an annual cost savings of 23.7 million dollars due to air pollution in Tehran. Furthermore, the scenario of the subway, BRT, and bicycle could reduce carbon emissions by 50, 130, and 11.5 tons per day, respectively. In conclusion<i>,</i> while the interests of drivers or car owners, particularly those with high-income levels, were of great importance in the construction of the Sadr highway, other scenarios could bring about health and environmental benefits and provide equal access for almost all citizens. So, transportation policymakers should prioritize investments in public and active transportation, particularly in developing countries, from a health perspective.</p>

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Comparing Three Transportation Development Scenarios with Sadr Highway in Tehran: A Health Economic Assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Seyed Mahdi Khatami,
  • Mojtaba Shahabi Shahmiri,
  • Pouria Boujari

摘要

Transportation has a significant impact on public health, social interactions, and the environment. Measuring these impacts and their costs is crucial for evidence-based transportation policy-making. This study aims to assess the health impacts and opportunity cost of the Sadr Highway in Tehran using the health economic assessment tool (HEAT). Three alternative scenarios were developed based on the comprehensive plan of transportation and traffic, and the strategic planning for bicycle in Tehran. These scenarios included the development of the Line 7 subway, 130 km of BRT network, and 600 km of bike routes. The study evaluated the health impacts of each scenario on physical activity, air pollution, and carbon emissions by analyzing relative risk parameters, population attributable fraction, death rate, and the value of statistical life in Tehran. The results showed that the subway scenario could prevent the death of 103 people by promoting physical activity. The BRT and bike scenarios had even more significant impacts, preventing the death of 740 and 749 people, respectively. Additionally, the scenarios could save 29.67, 213.21, and 215.80 million dollars by reducing health expenses per year. While the subway and bicycle scenarios could reduce pollution by 34 and 1 ton per day, respectively, the BRT scenario had a greater impact, reducing pollution by 86.7 tons per day and resulting in an annual cost savings of 23.7 million dollars due to air pollution in Tehran. Furthermore, the scenario of the subway, BRT, and bicycle could reduce carbon emissions by 50, 130, and 11.5 tons per day, respectively. In conclusion, while the interests of drivers or car owners, particularly those with high-income levels, were of great importance in the construction of the Sadr highway, other scenarios could bring about health and environmental benefits and provide equal access for almost all citizens. So, transportation policymakers should prioritize investments in public and active transportation, particularly in developing countries, from a health perspective.