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<p>Conventional construction systems persist in linear, single-use material flows, which limit resource efficiency and lifecycle performance. Transitioning to circular practices requires methods and tools that preserve the utility and value of building materials and components across multiple cycles. This paper presents a circular construction system that integrates robotic fabrication and collaborative digital models to enable material value retention from early design and fabrication to assembly and disassembly, suggesting new end-of-life scenarios. The workflow combines Design for Disassembly (DfD) and Design for Recycling (DfR) principles with continuous, cloud-based tracking of geometric, material, and process data, ensuring coordinated decisions across teams and phases. Developed within Target-X—an EU initiative advancing 5G-enabled industrial testbeds, including construction—the project TRAP (The Remote-controlled Assembly Process) was conducted, resulting in Green5Wall, a dry-assemblable wall system designed using computational and generative methods and manufactured via robotic concrete 3D printing using recycled aggregates from the construction and demolition market. The project shows that the integration between robotic concrete 3D printing and collaborative digital models can reduce resource use and waste generation, establishing practical conditions for material value retention. In this framework, collaborative digital models act as actionable support tools for circularity, outlining a scalable pathway for transitioning construction systems toward circular practices.</p>

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Integration of robotic fabrication for circularity: enabling material value retention through collaborative digital models

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Roberto Ruggiero,
  • Roberto Cognoli,
  • Pio Lorenzo Cocco

摘要

Conventional construction systems persist in linear, single-use material flows, which limit resource efficiency and lifecycle performance. Transitioning to circular practices requires methods and tools that preserve the utility and value of building materials and components across multiple cycles. This paper presents a circular construction system that integrates robotic fabrication and collaborative digital models to enable material value retention from early design and fabrication to assembly and disassembly, suggesting new end-of-life scenarios. The workflow combines Design for Disassembly (DfD) and Design for Recycling (DfR) principles with continuous, cloud-based tracking of geometric, material, and process data, ensuring coordinated decisions across teams and phases. Developed within Target-X—an EU initiative advancing 5G-enabled industrial testbeds, including construction—the project TRAP (The Remote-controlled Assembly Process) was conducted, resulting in Green5Wall, a dry-assemblable wall system designed using computational and generative methods and manufactured via robotic concrete 3D printing using recycled aggregates from the construction and demolition market. The project shows that the integration between robotic concrete 3D printing and collaborative digital models can reduce resource use and waste generation, establishing practical conditions for material value retention. In this framework, collaborative digital models act as actionable support tools for circularity, outlining a scalable pathway for transitioning construction systems toward circular practices.