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<p>North-West China has invested heavily in digital infrastructure and public services in recent years, yet unified metrics and traceable evidence on how the digital economy relates to rural revitalization remain limited. Based on provincial panel data for five north-western provinces from 2009 to 2023, this study developed two comparable composite indices—a Digital Economy Index (DEI) and a Rural Revitalization Index (RRI) covering infrastructure, industrial digitalization, application diffusion, talent, governance and living standards. Entropy weighting combined with a non-compensatory SPOTIS aggregation is adopted as the benchmark scheme, and consistency checks are conducted using TOPSIS and principal component analysis (PCA). A two-way fixed-effects framework was then used to examine the association between DEI and RRI and its temporal characteristics, supplemented by lag specifications and bootstrap inference. The results showed synchronous upward trajectories of both indices, with polarization in the DEI and gradual convergence in the RRI forming a three-tier provincial pattern. Regression estimates indicate a stable and robust positive promoting effect of the DEI on the RRI within the empirical framework, with stronger responses in Shaanxi and Xinjiang and more moderate gains in Qinghai and Ningxia. Alternative index constructions and bootstrap confidence intervals corroborate these findings. These results provide a replicable index-based framework for assessing digital-economy-driven rural development and offer quantitative support for integrating digital policy instruments into rural revitalization strategies in North-West China and similar developing regions in the Asia–Pacific.</p>

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Coupling and coordination of the digital economy and rural revitalisation in north–west China: a panel analysis from 2009 to 2023

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Jiang Lu,
  • Soo Cheng Chuah,
  • Chai Li Cheam

摘要

North-West China has invested heavily in digital infrastructure and public services in recent years, yet unified metrics and traceable evidence on how the digital economy relates to rural revitalization remain limited. Based on provincial panel data for five north-western provinces from 2009 to 2023, this study developed two comparable composite indices—a Digital Economy Index (DEI) and a Rural Revitalization Index (RRI) covering infrastructure, industrial digitalization, application diffusion, talent, governance and living standards. Entropy weighting combined with a non-compensatory SPOTIS aggregation is adopted as the benchmark scheme, and consistency checks are conducted using TOPSIS and principal component analysis (PCA). A two-way fixed-effects framework was then used to examine the association between DEI and RRI and its temporal characteristics, supplemented by lag specifications and bootstrap inference. The results showed synchronous upward trajectories of both indices, with polarization in the DEI and gradual convergence in the RRI forming a three-tier provincial pattern. Regression estimates indicate a stable and robust positive promoting effect of the DEI on the RRI within the empirical framework, with stronger responses in Shaanxi and Xinjiang and more moderate gains in Qinghai and Ningxia. Alternative index constructions and bootstrap confidence intervals corroborate these findings. These results provide a replicable index-based framework for assessing digital-economy-driven rural development and offer quantitative support for integrating digital policy instruments into rural revitalization strategies in North-West China and similar developing regions in the Asia–Pacific.