Religiös, (un-)emanzipiert und (in-)tolerant? Zum Verhältnis von Religion und Vorurteilen gegenüber Frauen und LGBTIQ+
摘要
Religious persons are more prejudiced against women and queer people than non-religious persons. This finding is not new, and it is also borne out in the data from the study “Church Membership and Political Culture” by the Protestant Church in Germany. This article analyzes the relationships between religiosity, sexism, (anti-)feminism, and queerphobia more comprehensively based on this dataset. Thus, religious factors actually do play an important role in explaining antifeminism, sexism, and the acceptance of queer people – however, this is not the case for feminism. Additionally, considerable differences are found regarding the effects of religiosity, of belonging to the Catholic or Protestant Church or to a Muslim community, and of religious fundamentalism. While fundamentalism strongly increases prejudice against women and queer people, and being a member of either one of the Christian churches or a Muslim denomination slightly increases both types of prejudice, religiosity per se seems to lower hostile attitudes towards these two groups. Apart from religious factors, the analyses also consider possible effects from other political, social-psychological, and sociodemographic factors.