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<p>Cellular behavior is highly sensitive to temperature. Cold exposure during in vitro operations can misrepresent the actual state of cells, compromising the accuracy of subsequent studies. So far, long-term cellular physiological temperature maintenance relies on wired electric heating. Herein, we present a portable, semi-open microincubator platform that uses light irradiation to regulate the temperature of the cellular environment precisely. Based on different culturing scenarios, the system is adaptable to various convenient light sources. Water-in-oil microdroplets containing photothermal nanoparticles transform into cradle-shaped microincubators through a phase freeze-shrink self-molding strategy. The microincubators enable on-demand light-to-heat transfer while minimizing local overheating of the nanoparticles through the matrix barrier. The semi-open structure of microcradles significantly reduces heat dissipation. Cell proliferation and metabolic functions in microcradles are consistent with those observed by a constant temperature incubator. This strategy enables localized, precise temperature control via adjustable light focusing, allowing personalized studies in cell engineering, transport, and analysis.</p>

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Phase Freeze Shrink Self-Molded Microdroplet for Visible Light-Powered Cell Thermal Control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Yanan Wei,
  • Jiaqi Li,
  • Zhijie Li,
  • Fei Zhang,
  • Chen Wei,
  • Jianhua Wang,
  • Zejun Wang

摘要

Cellular behavior is highly sensitive to temperature. Cold exposure during in vitro operations can misrepresent the actual state of cells, compromising the accuracy of subsequent studies. So far, long-term cellular physiological temperature maintenance relies on wired electric heating. Herein, we present a portable, semi-open microincubator platform that uses light irradiation to regulate the temperature of the cellular environment precisely. Based on different culturing scenarios, the system is adaptable to various convenient light sources. Water-in-oil microdroplets containing photothermal nanoparticles transform into cradle-shaped microincubators through a phase freeze-shrink self-molding strategy. The microincubators enable on-demand light-to-heat transfer while minimizing local overheating of the nanoparticles through the matrix barrier. The semi-open structure of microcradles significantly reduces heat dissipation. Cell proliferation and metabolic functions in microcradles are consistent with those observed by a constant temperature incubator. This strategy enables localized, precise temperature control via adjustable light focusing, allowing personalized studies in cell engineering, transport, and analysis.