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<p>A miniature cantilever-enhanced fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor (FOPAS) is designed for micro-water and pressure measurement in SF<sub>6</sub> insulation equipment. A 1371&#xa0;nm distributed feedback (DFB) laser is used as the excitation source, and an F-P fiber cantilever is employed as the acoustic-sensitive element. H<sub>2</sub>O molecules enter the photoacoustic cavity with a volume of only 304 µL through a gas diffusion hole. This type of uncharged, diffused, and miniaturized FOPAS offers an innovative solution for the built-in monitoring of the condition of SF<sub>6</sub> insulation equipment. The quantitative relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the H<sub>2</sub>O spectral line and the gas pressure has been analyzed and verified. Real-time gas pressure monitoring based on 2<i>f</i> signal waveform analysis has been achieved, eliminating the need for traditional electronic pressure sensors. The effect of the radius of the photoacoustic cavity on the acoustic pressure and the relationship between the spot diameter of the single-mode fiber and the axial distance are comprehensively analyzed. SF<sub>6</sub> gases with different micro-water contents are tested, and the detection limit of the proposed cantilever-enhanced fiber-optic photoacoustic micro-water sensor is evaluated to be 78 ppb.</p>

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Cantilever-Enhanced Fiber-Optic Photoacoustic Micro-Water and Pressure Sensor for SF6 Insulation Equipment Monitoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Xinyu Zhao,
  • Yufu Xu,
  • Hongchao Qi,
  • Chenxi Li,
  • Min Guo,
  • Guangyin Zhang,
  • Wei Peng,
  • Ke Chen

摘要

A miniature cantilever-enhanced fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor (FOPAS) is designed for micro-water and pressure measurement in SF6 insulation equipment. A 1371 nm distributed feedback (DFB) laser is used as the excitation source, and an F-P fiber cantilever is employed as the acoustic-sensitive element. H2O molecules enter the photoacoustic cavity with a volume of only 304 µL through a gas diffusion hole. This type of uncharged, diffused, and miniaturized FOPAS offers an innovative solution for the built-in monitoring of the condition of SF6 insulation equipment. The quantitative relationship between the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the H2O spectral line and the gas pressure has been analyzed and verified. Real-time gas pressure monitoring based on 2f signal waveform analysis has been achieved, eliminating the need for traditional electronic pressure sensors. The effect of the radius of the photoacoustic cavity on the acoustic pressure and the relationship between the spot diameter of the single-mode fiber and the axial distance are comprehensively analyzed. SF6 gases with different micro-water contents are tested, and the detection limit of the proposed cantilever-enhanced fiber-optic photoacoustic micro-water sensor is evaluated to be 78 ppb.