<p>The process simulation system has played an important role in the optimization research of petroleum hydrocracking production. Through Aspen HYSYS v12.1 process simulation software, this study accurately models and optimizes the fractionation unit and reaction unit of the hydrocracking process. After optimizing the key parameters such as the number of trays, feed position, and reflux ratio of the C5 and C10 in the fractionation unit, the separation efficiency of C5 and C10 components was significantly improved. The mass fraction of C5 component in the top distillate reached 95.37%, and the mass fraction of C10 component reached 99.6%. After optimizing the temperature, pressure, and other parameters of the first and second hydrogenation reactors in the reaction unit, the conversion rates of di-olefins and mono-olefins reached 97.3% and 97.6%, respectively. In addition, through the built-in data coordination technology in the system, the study effectively eliminated random errors and gross errors in the measurement data, improving the data reliability. The optimized process parameters not only significantly improved product quality and output, but also reduced energy consumption. The heat loads of the condenser and reboiler in the C5 and C10 towers were reduced by 7.3% and 11.7%, respectively. The research results indicate that the process simulation system can provide reliable theoretical basis and technical support for hydrocracking process optimization, significantly improving production efficiency and economic benefits.</p>