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<p>Hydrogen is emerging as a crucial vector for clean energy, with blue hydrogen offering a transitional path to decarbonization through carbon capture and storage. This study models the integration of biomass gasification and the water–gas shift reaction to optimize hydrogen production from coconut shell-derived syngas. The methodology involves simulating biomass pyrolysis using Aspen Plus to generate a syngas mixture rich in Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen and Methane, followed by its conversion via a two-stage Water gas shift reactor unit (High temperature and low temperature shift reactor). Mass flow, enthalpy, and entropy values are analysed to evaluate system efficiency and identify optimization opportunities. The simulation results show hydrogen production of 1.25&#xa0;kg/s from 5&#xa0;kg/s of biomass and 1&#xa0;kg/s of steam input. Energy efficiency reaches 47.82%, with heat recovery efficiency around 51.05%, and exergy efficiency estimated at 43.04%, indicating favourable thermodynamic performance. Sensitivity analysis highlights that higher biomass feed rates linearly increase syngas output, and optimized heater temperatures improve mixer performance. The system achieved high product quality, delivering hydrogen at 96.12% purity, CO₂ at 95.54% purity, with a hydrogen yield of 29.61% and a CO conversion efficiency of 73.79%. The combination of realistic syngas input, effective catalyst protection, and well-integrated heat exchange allows for efficient carbon monoxide conversion and hydrogen enrichment, supporting the classification of the output as blue hydrogen. This integrated simulation bridges the gap between renewable biomass valorisation and sustainable industrial hydrogen production.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Process Modelling of the Water Gas Shift Reaction for Blue Hydrogen Production from Biomass-Derived Syngas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ashwini K,
  • R. Resmi,
  • Muneer Parayangat,
  • Mohamed Abbas

摘要

Hydrogen is emerging as a crucial vector for clean energy, with blue hydrogen offering a transitional path to decarbonization through carbon capture and storage. This study models the integration of biomass gasification and the water–gas shift reaction to optimize hydrogen production from coconut shell-derived syngas. The methodology involves simulating biomass pyrolysis using Aspen Plus to generate a syngas mixture rich in Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen and Methane, followed by its conversion via a two-stage Water gas shift reactor unit (High temperature and low temperature shift reactor). Mass flow, enthalpy, and entropy values are analysed to evaluate system efficiency and identify optimization opportunities. The simulation results show hydrogen production of 1.25 kg/s from 5 kg/s of biomass and 1 kg/s of steam input. Energy efficiency reaches 47.82%, with heat recovery efficiency around 51.05%, and exergy efficiency estimated at 43.04%, indicating favourable thermodynamic performance. Sensitivity analysis highlights that higher biomass feed rates linearly increase syngas output, and optimized heater temperatures improve mixer performance. The system achieved high product quality, delivering hydrogen at 96.12% purity, CO₂ at 95.54% purity, with a hydrogen yield of 29.61% and a CO conversion efficiency of 73.79%. The combination of realistic syngas input, effective catalyst protection, and well-integrated heat exchange allows for efficient carbon monoxide conversion and hydrogen enrichment, supporting the classification of the output as blue hydrogen. This integrated simulation bridges the gap between renewable biomass valorisation and sustainable industrial hydrogen production.

Graphical Abstract