Enhancing Topographic Mapping Using Relief Shading: A Case Study of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica
摘要
Relief shading is widely used in cartography and the geosciences, but its application in Antarctic coastal ice-free areas remains limited because these landscapes are spatially restricted, low-relief, and often lack sufficient tonal contrast for effective terrain depiction. Using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data acquired during the 2018 Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition, this study produces the first enhanced topographic map of the Broknes Peninsula, Larsemann Hills, supported by a cartography-grade shaded-relief base. We develop and validate a UAV-enabled digital relief-shading workflow tailored to polar ice-free terrain, including (1) UAV structure-from-motion (SfM) processing with DEM quality improvement through dome-error mitigation and ICESat-2-based vertical correction; (2) cartography-oriented DEM generalization using line integral convolution (LIC) with fidelity diagnostics; (3) multi-directional shaded-relief construction through gradient-domain Poisson editing of three normalized hillshades (azimuths 60°, 180°, and 300°); and (4) a reproducible quantitative evaluation framework integrating tonal-distribution analysis, the shadow recovery index (SRI), highlight suppression index (HSI), and texture gain index (TGI). Results show that the proposed workflow effectively suppresses extreme tones, improves shadow legibility, and enhances local texture expression, thereby producing a visually coherent and geomorphically plausible shaded-relief basemap for topographic mapping in Antarctic ice-free areas. Overall, this study provides a transferable workflow for high-precision shaded-relief production in low-relief polar terrain and supports more effective topographic mapping in Antarctic coastal ice-free regions.