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<p>Botshabelo Mission Station, Mpumalanga, South Africa, was established in 1865 within the borders of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) by Berlin missionaries Alexander Merensky and Heinrich Grützner, along with groups of Bapedi and Bakopa converts and refugees, all of whom had been displaced from territories farther to the north through processes of intra-societal and colonial violence. It is perhaps for this reason that the mission station boasted three forts, unusual features for a 19th-century mission station in the South African context. The object biographies of the site’s forts intertwine with the life histories of Merensky and the other residents on the station through processes of citation and transculturation, and should be understood as the material manifestations of negotiated power relations on the station.</p>

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Place of Refuge: “The Fighting Missionary,” Alexander Merensky, and the Forts of Botshabelo Mission Station, South Africa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Natalie Swanepoel

摘要

Botshabelo Mission Station, Mpumalanga, South Africa, was established in 1865 within the borders of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) by Berlin missionaries Alexander Merensky and Heinrich Grützner, along with groups of Bapedi and Bakopa converts and refugees, all of whom had been displaced from territories farther to the north through processes of intra-societal and colonial violence. It is perhaps for this reason that the mission station boasted three forts, unusual features for a 19th-century mission station in the South African context. The object biographies of the site’s forts intertwine with the life histories of Merensky and the other residents on the station through processes of citation and transculturation, and should be understood as the material manifestations of negotiated power relations on the station.