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Background <p>The Erbium Chromium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser has been suggested as an adjunct to conventional agents that enhance resistance to demineralization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different application sequences of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and SDF on resistance to demineralization.</p> Methods <p>Sixty-five dentin blocks were prepared from human maxillary first premolar teeth. Every specimen was subjected to pH cycling. The blocks were randomly divided into five groups (<i>n</i> = 13): group 1 (control group without therapy), group 2 (just laser), group 3 (just SDF), group 4 (laser + SDF), and group 5 (SDF + laser). A pilot study was first conducted on nine extracted teeth to determine the optimal laser average power and exposure duration. Microhardness was measured at baseline, after pH cycling, and following treatment. SEM and EDS were used to evaluate the chemical and morphological alterations. The SDF penetration depth was determined in groups 3, 4, and 5.</p> Findings <p>The group managed with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, then SDF (group 4), showed the highest microhardness increase (mean ± SD: 49.86 ± 2.15 kgf/mm²). EDS analysis revealed that the highest calcium-to-phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio was observed in group 4 and the most significant weight percentages of calcium and fluoride, indicating superior mineral deposition. Deeper SDF penetration was confirmed via EDS mapping in group 4 in than group 3 (mean depth of 66.58&#xa0;μm vs. 45.03&#xa0;μm).</p> Conclusion <p>The application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and SDF remarkably increases microhardness, mineral content and ion penetration in dentin, meaning that the established protocols show better demineralization resistance over the other protocols.</p>

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Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG (2780 nm) laser followed by silver diamine fluoride on demineralized dentin: an in vitro study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Noor Ismael Hadi Alkhazraji,
  • Hussein A. Jawad

摘要

Background

The Erbium Chromium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser has been suggested as an adjunct to conventional agents that enhance resistance to demineralization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different application sequences of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and SDF on resistance to demineralization.

Methods

Sixty-five dentin blocks were prepared from human maxillary first premolar teeth. Every specimen was subjected to pH cycling. The blocks were randomly divided into five groups (n = 13): group 1 (control group without therapy), group 2 (just laser), group 3 (just SDF), group 4 (laser + SDF), and group 5 (SDF + laser). A pilot study was first conducted on nine extracted teeth to determine the optimal laser average power and exposure duration. Microhardness was measured at baseline, after pH cycling, and following treatment. SEM and EDS were used to evaluate the chemical and morphological alterations. The SDF penetration depth was determined in groups 3, 4, and 5.

Findings

The group managed with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, then SDF (group 4), showed the highest microhardness increase (mean ± SD: 49.86 ± 2.15 kgf/mm²). EDS analysis revealed that the highest calcium-to-phosphorus (Ca/P) ratio was observed in group 4 and the most significant weight percentages of calcium and fluoride, indicating superior mineral deposition. Deeper SDF penetration was confirmed via EDS mapping in group 4 in than group 3 (mean depth of 66.58 μm vs. 45.03 μm).

Conclusion

The application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and SDF remarkably increases microhardness, mineral content and ion penetration in dentin, meaning that the established protocols show better demineralization resistance over the other protocols.