<p>Systemic intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological technique in interdisciplinary healthcare, particularly for modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, microcirculatory flow, and bioenergetic signaling. However, its application in anticoagulated patients has raised ethical and clinical concerns. These individuals frequently present with complex thrombotic risk profiles due to cardiovascular disease, implanted prosthetic valves, thrombophilia, or severe systemic inflammation, such as in COVID-19. ILIB may affect coagulation dynamics by increasing mitochondrial ATP production, enhancing platelet aggregation, and upregulating coagulation factors such as factor VIII and von Willebrand factor. These effects, although potentially beneficial in other contexts, could antagonize the action of anticoagulant agents and destabilize the delicate balance between thrombosis and bleeding. Despite these risks, ILIB has been empirically implemented in anticoagulated populations without standardized vascular assessment, hematologic monitoring, or interdisciplinary evaluation. This commentary argues that such practices do not represent clinical innovation but rather uncontrolled clinical risk. Until robust evidence is available from controlled trials, the systemic application of ILIB in high-risk patients should be considered experimental. We advocate for the urgent development of precautionary protocols, including formal hematologic evaluation and vascular imaging prior to ILIB administration, and interdisciplinary risk stratification tools conceptually aligned with established bleeding risk models. Only through ethical governance, clinical prudence, and transparent regulation can ILIB transition from an emerging intervention to a scientifically integrated therapy within modern healthcare.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Commentary – Ethical risks of systemic ILIB in anticoagulated patients

  • Juliano Abreu Pacheco,
  • Eugenia Velludo Veiga

摘要

Systemic intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological technique in interdisciplinary healthcare, particularly for modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, microcirculatory flow, and bioenergetic signaling. However, its application in anticoagulated patients has raised ethical and clinical concerns. These individuals frequently present with complex thrombotic risk profiles due to cardiovascular disease, implanted prosthetic valves, thrombophilia, or severe systemic inflammation, such as in COVID-19. ILIB may affect coagulation dynamics by increasing mitochondrial ATP production, enhancing platelet aggregation, and upregulating coagulation factors such as factor VIII and von Willebrand factor. These effects, although potentially beneficial in other contexts, could antagonize the action of anticoagulant agents and destabilize the delicate balance between thrombosis and bleeding. Despite these risks, ILIB has been empirically implemented in anticoagulated populations without standardized vascular assessment, hematologic monitoring, or interdisciplinary evaluation. This commentary argues that such practices do not represent clinical innovation but rather uncontrolled clinical risk. Until robust evidence is available from controlled trials, the systemic application of ILIB in high-risk patients should be considered experimental. We advocate for the urgent development of precautionary protocols, including formal hematologic evaluation and vascular imaging prior to ILIB administration, and interdisciplinary risk stratification tools conceptually aligned with established bleeding risk models. Only through ethical governance, clinical prudence, and transparent regulation can ILIB transition from an emerging intervention to a scientifically integrated therapy within modern healthcare.