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Purpose <p>To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of infrared diode laser (IR-DL; 808&#xa0;nm), Er: YAG laser (2940&#xa0;nm), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue activated with a 635&#xa0;nm diode laser, in reducing cariogenic bacteria from prepared enamel surfaces prior to veneer cementation.</p> Methods <p>Thirty-six extracted human teeth were contaminated with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (ATCC 25175) and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (ATCC 4796) and randomly allocated to four groups (<i>n</i> = 9): no treatment (NT), IR-DL, Er: YAG, and PDT. Bacterial reduction was quantified by colony-forming units (CFU/mL), while morphological changes were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compositional changes with dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.</p> Results <p>All treatment groups demonstrated a significant bacterial reduction versus NT (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). For <i>S. mutans</i>, PDT, IR-DL, and Er: YAG were similarly effective. For <i>L. acidophilus</i>, PDT and IR-DL achieved greater reduction than Er: YAG. SEM showed limited morphological changes; PDT and IR-DL caused mild surface melting, while Er: YAG produced greater roughness. EDX revealed increased calcium content in Er: YAG-treated enamel.</p> Conclusions <p>All techniques reduced cariogenic bacteria on prepared enamel. IR-DL showed equivalent antibacterial efficacy using a simpler and more cost-effective protocol, supporting its clinical applicability prior to veneer bonding.</p>

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Effect of two laser irradiation systems and photodynamic therapy-assisted disinfection on inhibiting cariogenic bacterial growth on prepared tooth surfaces before veneer adhesion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月23日

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  • Hossam Abdel Aziz,
  • Ahmed Zaky,
  • Magda Ramzy,
  • Rasha Sami,
  • Hanaa Elgamily

摘要

Purpose

To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of infrared diode laser (IR-DL; 808 nm), Er: YAG laser (2940 nm), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue activated with a 635 nm diode laser, in reducing cariogenic bacteria from prepared enamel surfaces prior to veneer cementation.

Methods

Thirty-six extracted human teeth were contaminated with Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (ATCC 4796) and randomly allocated to four groups (n = 9): no treatment (NT), IR-DL, Er: YAG, and PDT. Bacterial reduction was quantified by colony-forming units (CFU/mL), while morphological changes were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compositional changes with dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.

Results

All treatment groups demonstrated a significant bacterial reduction versus NT (p < 0.001). For S. mutans, PDT, IR-DL, and Er: YAG were similarly effective. For L. acidophilus, PDT and IR-DL achieved greater reduction than Er: YAG. SEM showed limited morphological changes; PDT and IR-DL caused mild surface melting, while Er: YAG produced greater roughness. EDX revealed increased calcium content in Er: YAG-treated enamel.

Conclusions

All techniques reduced cariogenic bacteria on prepared enamel. IR-DL showed equivalent antibacterial efficacy using a simpler and more cost-effective protocol, supporting its clinical applicability prior to veneer bonding.