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<p>This article explores the transformative role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in smart city development, IoT-enabled urban management, and sustainable spatial governance. It highlights UAVs’ potential to address smart city integration challenges, enhance IoT data collection, and improve tasks like disaster response. Common barriers such as energy limits, control complexity, and policy gaps are identified, with advocacy for advanced AI and multi-stakeholder collaboration to unlock UAVs' full potential. The goal is to bridge theory with practice, positioning UAVs as catalysts for sustainable urban innovation. Using a systematic review across smart cities, IoT data collection, and urban spatial management, the study analyzes technical challenges (e.g., control algorithms, energy constraints), operational limitations (e.g., scalability, interoperability), and policy needs. By synthesizing existing research and case studies, it identifies gaps in automation, AI integration, and ethical deployment. The methodology emphasizes hybrid solutions combining UAVs with deep learning, 5G, and edge computing, and calls for standardized implementation frameworks. Key findings show UAV success in surveillance and infrastructure monitoring, though integration with urban systems remains challenging. For IoT, UAVs mitigate energy and delay issues in large-scale data collection. In urban management, they boost efficiency in land-use monitoring but lack automated solutions and policy support. Common hurdles include energy limits, scalability, and AI integration. Future directions prioritize hybrid UAV systems (e.g., AI, 5G) and policy standardization. The study concludes that UAVs are pivotal for sustainable urban innovation but require systematic research to transition from theory to practice. It offers a holistic review integrating technical, operational, and policy perspectives—unlike prior isolated studies—and provides novel insights into hybrid solutions and standardized policies. By bridging the gap between research and real-world adoption, this review serves as a roadmap for policymakers and technologists to effectively harness UAVs for sustainable urban innovation.</p>

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A Comprehensive Review on the Role of UAVs in Smart City Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Yasaman Ghaderi,
  • Mohammad Reza Ghaderi

摘要

This article explores the transformative role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in smart city development, IoT-enabled urban management, and sustainable spatial governance. It highlights UAVs’ potential to address smart city integration challenges, enhance IoT data collection, and improve tasks like disaster response. Common barriers such as energy limits, control complexity, and policy gaps are identified, with advocacy for advanced AI and multi-stakeholder collaboration to unlock UAVs' full potential. The goal is to bridge theory with practice, positioning UAVs as catalysts for sustainable urban innovation. Using a systematic review across smart cities, IoT data collection, and urban spatial management, the study analyzes technical challenges (e.g., control algorithms, energy constraints), operational limitations (e.g., scalability, interoperability), and policy needs. By synthesizing existing research and case studies, it identifies gaps in automation, AI integration, and ethical deployment. The methodology emphasizes hybrid solutions combining UAVs with deep learning, 5G, and edge computing, and calls for standardized implementation frameworks. Key findings show UAV success in surveillance and infrastructure monitoring, though integration with urban systems remains challenging. For IoT, UAVs mitigate energy and delay issues in large-scale data collection. In urban management, they boost efficiency in land-use monitoring but lack automated solutions and policy support. Common hurdles include energy limits, scalability, and AI integration. Future directions prioritize hybrid UAV systems (e.g., AI, 5G) and policy standardization. The study concludes that UAVs are pivotal for sustainable urban innovation but require systematic research to transition from theory to practice. It offers a holistic review integrating technical, operational, and policy perspectives—unlike prior isolated studies—and provides novel insights into hybrid solutions and standardized policies. By bridging the gap between research and real-world adoption, this review serves as a roadmap for policymakers and technologists to effectively harness UAVs for sustainable urban innovation.