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<p>Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) show tremendous potential for energy storage applications. In theory, the energy density of VRFBs is estimated to be 50&#xa0;W&#xa0;h/kg but during operation only 35&#xa0;W&#xa0;h/kg is achieved. The primary reason for the lower performance is the high polarization losses. In addition, there is a loss of current during charge and discharge process which needs to be minimized. Primarily, optimization of flow design is done to reduce these losses. Amongst various fluid flow types, interdigitated flow field (IFF) showed the best performance at larger scale owing to lower pumping losses. However, improvements in IFF is necessary to overcome the existing power losses. Electrolyte flow velocity in the electrode determines the maximum current density in IFF. Therefore in this study, we have attempted to model the parameters affecting the electrolyte velocity profile in IFF configuration in VRFBs. A 3-D computational fluid dynamics model of a VRFB is developed to consider the impact of parameters such as flow rate, electrode thickness, viscosity, channel height and width on the electrolyte velocity profiles. Electrolyte viscosity has a negligible impact on the velocity profile. Simulation results indicate that when the electrode width is increased to 40&#xa0;mm, the electrolyte flow velocity almost doubles when the channel height is reduced from 4 to 2&#xa0;mm. However, the electrode thickness does not affect the electrolyte flow velocity in the middle of the channel. Modeling results are found to compare well with experimental data.</p>

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Modeling the Velocity Profiles in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries-Interdigitated Configuration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月26日

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  • S. Yadav,
  • Shriram Manikandan,
  • Balaji Krishnamurthy

摘要

Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) show tremendous potential for energy storage applications. In theory, the energy density of VRFBs is estimated to be 50 W h/kg but during operation only 35 W h/kg is achieved. The primary reason for the lower performance is the high polarization losses. In addition, there is a loss of current during charge and discharge process which needs to be minimized. Primarily, optimization of flow design is done to reduce these losses. Amongst various fluid flow types, interdigitated flow field (IFF) showed the best performance at larger scale owing to lower pumping losses. However, improvements in IFF is necessary to overcome the existing power losses. Electrolyte flow velocity in the electrode determines the maximum current density in IFF. Therefore in this study, we have attempted to model the parameters affecting the electrolyte velocity profile in IFF configuration in VRFBs. A 3-D computational fluid dynamics model of a VRFB is developed to consider the impact of parameters such as flow rate, electrode thickness, viscosity, channel height and width on the electrolyte velocity profiles. Electrolyte viscosity has a negligible impact on the velocity profile. Simulation results indicate that when the electrode width is increased to 40 mm, the electrolyte flow velocity almost doubles when the channel height is reduced from 4 to 2 mm. However, the electrode thickness does not affect the electrolyte flow velocity in the middle of the channel. Modeling results are found to compare well with experimental data.