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<p>At high count rates, pile-up events involving neutron and gamma signals result in inaccurate neutron counting and distortions in the energy spectrum. Additionally, a bipolar cusp-like pulse shaping algorithm based on an unfolding synthesis technique was proposed. This algorithm exhibits a narrow pulse shape, and the parallel design of the dual algorithms enables the recovery of pile-up signal amplitudes while preserving the distinct characteristics of neutron and gamma signals. The simplicity of the algorithm facilitates real-time neutron/gamma discrimination on an FPGA, allowing the energy spectra to be updated with each incoming signal. Furthermore, the algorithm can be readily tailored to various experimental conditions by adjusting the decay time constants. Multi-objective optimization reduces the need for manual parameter tuning by rapidly identifying the optimal parameters. Testing with a <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{241}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>241</mn> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>Am-Be neutron source and a NaIL scintillator yielded a figure of merit (FoM) value of 2.11 and produced a clear energy spectrum even at high count rates.</p>

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Real-time reconstruction and discrimination of pile-up neutron and gamma signals via bipolar cusp-like pulse shaping in NaIL scintillators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Jia-Xin Li,
  • Hui-Liang Hou,
  • Yue-Feng Huang,
  • Zhi-Min Dai

摘要

At high count rates, pile-up events involving neutron and gamma signals result in inaccurate neutron counting and distortions in the energy spectrum. Additionally, a bipolar cusp-like pulse shaping algorithm based on an unfolding synthesis technique was proposed. This algorithm exhibits a narrow pulse shape, and the parallel design of the dual algorithms enables the recovery of pile-up signal amplitudes while preserving the distinct characteristics of neutron and gamma signals. The simplicity of the algorithm facilitates real-time neutron/gamma discrimination on an FPGA, allowing the energy spectra to be updated with each incoming signal. Furthermore, the algorithm can be readily tailored to various experimental conditions by adjusting the decay time constants. Multi-objective optimization reduces the need for manual parameter tuning by rapidly identifying the optimal parameters. Testing with a \(^{241}\) 241 Am-Be neutron source and a NaIL scintillator yielded a figure of merit (FoM) value of 2.11 and produced a clear energy spectrum even at high count rates.