The neutron capture cross section for \(^{165}\) Ho was measured at the backstreaming white neutron beam line (Back-n) of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) using total energy detection systems, composed of a set of four C \(_6\) D \(_6\) scintillator detectors coupled with pulse height weighting techniques. The resonance parameters were extracted using the multilevel multichannel R-matrix code SAMMY to fit the measured capture yields of the \(^{165}\) Ho(n, \(\gamma \) ) reaction in the neutron energy range below 100 eV. Subsequently, the resonance region’s capture cross sections were reconstructed based on the obtained parameters. Furthermore, the unresolved resonance average cross section of the \(^{165}\) Ho(n, \(\gamma \) ) reaction was determined relative to that of the standard sample \(^{197}\) Au within the neutron energy range of 2 keV to 1 MeV. The experimental data were compared with the recommended nuclear data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library, as well as with results of calculations performed using the TALYS \(-\) 1.9 code. The comparison revealed agreement between the measured \(^{165}\) Ho(n, \(\gamma \) ) cross sections and these data. The present results are crucial for evaluating the \(^{165}\) Ho neutron capture cross section and thus enhance the quality of evaluated nuclear data libraries. They provide valuable guidance for nuclear theoretical models and nuclear astrophysical studies.
