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<p><i>Oligonychus afrasiaticus</i> (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest of date palm in Tunisia. Botanical pesticides represent a promising, sustainable option for its managment. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ethanolic extracts of <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i> and <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> (0.1–20% vv<sup>−1</sup>) and the essential oil of <i>Lavandula stoechas</i> applied either via fumigation (0.12–20 µLL<sup>−1</sup> air) or contact (0.38–5.66 µL cm<sup>−2</sup>), with sulfur (3 g L<sup>−1</sup>) as a reference treatment, against adults of <i>O. afrasiaticus</i>. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis revealed that <i>R. officinalis</i> and <i>A. herba-alba</i> are rich in phenols (1498.46 and 382.41 mg/kg, respectively) and flavonoids (1359.03 and 4545.71 mg/kg, respectively), while Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of <i>L. stoechas</i> essential oils identified camphor (29.91%), fenchone (13.12%), and eucalyptol (8.37%) as major constituents. Lethal concentration values (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) at 24 h after treatment were 0.35% and 5.36% vv<sup>−1</sup> for <i>A. herba-alba</i> and 0.69% and 5.46% vv<sup>−1</sup> for <i>R. officinalis</i>. At 20% vv<sup>−1</sup>, both plant extracts caused &gt; 95% mortality of <i>O. afrasiaticus</i>, complete inhibition of its oviposition, 88.88% reduction in its feeding, and reduced crop damage to 1.67%. <i>Lavandula stoechas</i> essential oil induced 100% <i>O. afrasiaticus</i> adult mortality within 48 h in both fumigant and contact assays. Toxicity assays of <i>L. stoechas</i> essential oil on the predator <i>Stethorus punctillum</i> showed high mortality under fumigant application, but lower residual toxicity, with mortality reaching 14% at LC₉₀ at 48 h after treatment. These findings highlight the potential of these botanical compounds as effective, eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides for sustainable integrated management of <i>O. afrasiaticus</i> in Tunisian date palm oases.</p>

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Toxicity of ethanolic extracts of Artemisia herba-alba and Rosmarinus officinalis and essential oil of Lavandula stoechas on Oligonychus afrasiaticus and its predator Stethorus punctillum

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Asma Cherif,
  • Fida Maghzaoui,
  • Ramzi Mansour,
  • Sara Ncibi,
  • Tebra Triki,
  • Ferdaous Guasmi,
  • Bassem Khemakhem,
  • Kamel Nagez,
  • Kaouthar Grissa-Lebdi

摘要

Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest of date palm in Tunisia. Botanical pesticides represent a promising, sustainable option for its managment. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ethanolic extracts of Artemisia herba-alba and Rosmarinus officinalis (0.1–20% vv−1) and the essential oil of Lavandula stoechas applied either via fumigation (0.12–20 µLL−1 air) or contact (0.38–5.66 µL cm−2), with sulfur (3 g L−1) as a reference treatment, against adults of O. afrasiaticus. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis revealed that R. officinalis and A. herba-alba are rich in phenols (1498.46 and 382.41 mg/kg, respectively) and flavonoids (1359.03 and 4545.71 mg/kg, respectively), while Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of L. stoechas essential oils identified camphor (29.91%), fenchone (13.12%), and eucalyptol (8.37%) as major constituents. Lethal concentration values (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) at 24 h after treatment were 0.35% and 5.36% vv−1 for A. herba-alba and 0.69% and 5.46% vv−1 for R. officinalis. At 20% vv−1, both plant extracts caused > 95% mortality of O. afrasiaticus, complete inhibition of its oviposition, 88.88% reduction in its feeding, and reduced crop damage to 1.67%. Lavandula stoechas essential oil induced 100% O. afrasiaticus adult mortality within 48 h in both fumigant and contact assays. Toxicity assays of L. stoechas essential oil on the predator Stethorus punctillum showed high mortality under fumigant application, but lower residual toxicity, with mortality reaching 14% at LC₉₀ at 48 h after treatment. These findings highlight the potential of these botanical compounds as effective, eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides for sustainable integrated management of O. afrasiaticus in Tunisian date palm oases.