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<p>Microcerotermes diversus is one of the most economically damaging wood-destroying pests in tropical Iran, particularly in Khuzestan Province, where it threatens both agricultural and structural wooden resources. Effective control of this species is crucial for economic and environmental protection. While toxic baiting systems represent an environmentally sustainable approach to termite management, their efficacy depends critically on the behavioral response of termites to the insecticides used—compounds must be non-repellent and allow uninterrupted feeding to ensure colony-wide distribution via trophallaxis. This study evaluated the repellent and antifeedant effects of four chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) insecticides—chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, cyromazine, and etoxazole—against <i>Microcerotermes diversus</i>, a destructive termite species in tropical Iran. Laboratory free-choice and no-choice feeding tests were conducted using bait disks treated with varying concentrations (0.001, 0.002, 0.01) of each insecticide. Results showed that chlorfluazuron and diflubenzuron significantly reduced termite settlement (i.e., the number of live termites present on a bait disk after 72&#xa0;h), reducing it on treated baits by 44.15–72.34% compared to controls. Conversely, cyromazine at low concentrations (0.001 and 0.002) increased bait attractiveness by 41.15% and 23.52%, respectively, though it became repellent at 0.01 concentration. Etoxazole resulted in significantly higher termite settlement on treated baits at all tested concentrations, increasing termite settlement by up to 55.42%. Feeding tests confirmed that chlorfluazuron and diflubenzuron negatively impacted feeding behavior, while cyromazine and etoxazole stimulated significant consumption at lower concentrations. These findings suggest that etoxazole and low concentrations of cyromazine may be promising candidates for termite bait formulations due to their non-repellent and potentially attractant properties.</p>

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Repellent and antifeedant effects of selected chitin synthesis inhibitor insecticides on the termite Microcerotermes diversus Silvestri under laboratory conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Yeganeh Davoodi,
  • Fatemeh Yarahmdi,
  • Ali Rajabpour

摘要

Microcerotermes diversus is one of the most economically damaging wood-destroying pests in tropical Iran, particularly in Khuzestan Province, where it threatens both agricultural and structural wooden resources. Effective control of this species is crucial for economic and environmental protection. While toxic baiting systems represent an environmentally sustainable approach to termite management, their efficacy depends critically on the behavioral response of termites to the insecticides used—compounds must be non-repellent and allow uninterrupted feeding to ensure colony-wide distribution via trophallaxis. This study evaluated the repellent and antifeedant effects of four chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) insecticides—chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, cyromazine, and etoxazole—against Microcerotermes diversus, a destructive termite species in tropical Iran. Laboratory free-choice and no-choice feeding tests were conducted using bait disks treated with varying concentrations (0.001, 0.002, 0.01) of each insecticide. Results showed that chlorfluazuron and diflubenzuron significantly reduced termite settlement (i.e., the number of live termites present on a bait disk after 72 h), reducing it on treated baits by 44.15–72.34% compared to controls. Conversely, cyromazine at low concentrations (0.001 and 0.002) increased bait attractiveness by 41.15% and 23.52%, respectively, though it became repellent at 0.01 concentration. Etoxazole resulted in significantly higher termite settlement on treated baits at all tested concentrations, increasing termite settlement by up to 55.42%. Feeding tests confirmed that chlorfluazuron and diflubenzuron negatively impacted feeding behavior, while cyromazine and etoxazole stimulated significant consumption at lower concentrations. These findings suggest that etoxazole and low concentrations of cyromazine may be promising candidates for termite bait formulations due to their non-repellent and potentially attractant properties.