<p>Anthracnose fruit rot disease of tomatoes is one of the serious diseases that affect fruits during the maturing stage, whether pre- or post-harvest. This disease causes fruit rot, which decreases tomato quality and productivity. The pathogen's isolation and identification revealed that the fungus <i>Colletotrichum coccodes</i> is the cause of this disease and its emergence of symptoms in the current investigation. This study therefore investigated the inhibitory effect of <i>Trichoderma reesei</i> as safe replacements on the management of anthracnose fruit rot disease and their effects on tomato fruit quality and shelf life. In the present study, a dual culture test of <i>T. reesei</i> revealed that it suppresses the growth of the causative pathogen by up to 78.45%. Moreover, the culture filtrate (CF) of <i>T. ressei</i> isolate significantly inhibited the growth of the pathogen, with the highest inhibition rate being 77% at a concentration of 40%. Analysis of Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) showed that <i>T. ressei</i> CF contains bioactive compounds, namely esters, organic compounds and phenols. The findings of GC–MS analysis indicate that 2, 3, 3-Trimethyl-4-pentnoic acid is the most common component in the CF of <i>T. ressei.</i> Using <i>T. reesei</i> as a mycelial growth (MG) or culture filtrate reduced the disease severity of anthracnose fruit rot disease under laboratory and field conditions compared to untreated plants. The results show that <i>T. ressei</i> MG and CF treatments significantly reduced the severity of tomato fruit rot disease, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these treatments also enhance the fruit's qualities, marketability and shelf life. These findings indicate that <i>T. reesei</i> has significant potential as an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for rot disease in tomatoes and might be used by farmers to increase the shelf life and improve the quality of tomato fruits.</p>

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Effectiveness of a biological agent Trichoderma reesei and its culture filtrate on anthracnose fruit rot disease and improving the quality and shelf life of tomatoes

  • Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr,
  • Mansour M. El-Fawy,
  • Hosny H. A. Hofny,
  • Moshref M. Sh. Ahmed,
  • Bassem N. Samra,
  • Abeer S. Alqurashi,
  • Hatim M. Al-Yasi,
  • Esmat F. Ali,
  • Nashwa M. Sallam

摘要

Anthracnose fruit rot disease of tomatoes is one of the serious diseases that affect fruits during the maturing stage, whether pre- or post-harvest. This disease causes fruit rot, which decreases tomato quality and productivity. The pathogen's isolation and identification revealed that the fungus Colletotrichum coccodes is the cause of this disease and its emergence of symptoms in the current investigation. This study therefore investigated the inhibitory effect of Trichoderma reesei as safe replacements on the management of anthracnose fruit rot disease and their effects on tomato fruit quality and shelf life. In the present study, a dual culture test of T. reesei revealed that it suppresses the growth of the causative pathogen by up to 78.45%. Moreover, the culture filtrate (CF) of T. ressei isolate significantly inhibited the growth of the pathogen, with the highest inhibition rate being 77% at a concentration of 40%. Analysis of Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) showed that T. ressei CF contains bioactive compounds, namely esters, organic compounds and phenols. The findings of GC–MS analysis indicate that 2, 3, 3-Trimethyl-4-pentnoic acid is the most common component in the CF of T. ressei. Using T. reesei as a mycelial growth (MG) or culture filtrate reduced the disease severity of anthracnose fruit rot disease under laboratory and field conditions compared to untreated plants. The results show that T. ressei MG and CF treatments significantly reduced the severity of tomato fruit rot disease, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these treatments also enhance the fruit's qualities, marketability and shelf life. These findings indicate that T. reesei has significant potential as an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent for rot disease in tomatoes and might be used by farmers to increase the shelf life and improve the quality of tomato fruits.