Exploring novel resistance sources for rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) in common bean using AMMI analysis
摘要
Rust, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus, is a significant foliar disease affecting common beans, leading to considerable production losses (about 20–100%) in farms worldwide. Use of resistant cultivar is one of the most effective and economical ways of management. In this study, a thorough investigation was conducted to identify stable sources of rust resistance by screening a diverse panel comprising fifty-one Indian accessions and twenty-one exotic (Mesoamerican/ Andean origin) genotypes of Common bean. The comprehensive evaluation was carried out during the rabi and spring-summer seasons from 2022 to 2024. Based on low disease severity scores, selected thirty-two genotypes were subjected to combined analysis of variance to assess the variation in disease scores and horticultural traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for disease reaction to rust and pod traits like pod length and number of pods per raceme. These genotypes were analysed for stability of resistance across the four-season using the Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) biplot analysis. Highly statistically significant impact of season, genotype and interaction between the season and genotype for rust resistance was observed for genotypes of Common bean. The results from Interaction Principal Component analysis (IPCA), indicated that IPCA1 and IPCA2 accounted 93.3% of variation, for disease score which indicates entirety of explaining trait and stability of identified genotypes across the season. The consistent performance of the four highly rust resistant genotypes HAFB 6, HAFB 14, HAFB 15 and HAFB 37 identified in this study highlights their potential as valuable donors in resistance breeding programmes, which could be further enhanced by investigating the genetic and biochemical basis of resistance and their interaction with environmental factors .