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<p>American bollworm (<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> Hübner) is a major key pest that is destroying cotton crops worldwide, causing significant yield losses and threatening sustainable agriculture. The excessive and prolonged use of chemical insecticides to control this pest has led to resistance development and ecological imbalances. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of a native isolate of <i>Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus</i> (<i>SpltNPV</i>) and five commonly used insecticides, i.e., chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, bifenthrin, spinosad and chlorpyrifos, against second-instar larvae of <i>H. armigera</i>. All treatments were tested at four quantitative levels, and mortality data were analyzed using ANOVA (<i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i>), confirming a significant effect of treatments with a good model fit (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> test, <i>P</i> &gt; <i>0.05</i>). <i>SpltNPV</i>, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and bifenthrin achieved &gt; 50% mortality and were categorized as effective, whereas spinosad and chlorpyrifos were less effective (&lt; 50% mortality after 72&#xa0;h). Synergistic evaluation showed that <i>SpltNPV</i> combined with chlorantraniliprole (6:4 ratio) yielded the highest co-toxicity factor (35.90) and a synergistic index of 1.85. Enzymatic assays revealed no significant changes (<i>P</i> &gt; <i>0.05</i>) in the activity of carboxyl esterases (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GST), cytochrome P450 (CYP450) or acetylcholine esterases (AChE) following exposure to <i>SpltNPV</i> or combination treatments. These results suggest that <i>SpltNPV</i> is not targeted by the insect’s detoxification pathways and can effectively integrate with selective insecticides, especially chlorantraniliprole, for the sustainable management of <i>H. armigera</i> in cotton agroecosystems.</p>

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Unveiling the synergistic potential of nucleopolyhedroviruses and insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Muhammad Jafir,
  • Jam Nazeer Ahmad,
  • Samina Tanwir,
  • Muzamil Abbas,
  • Faisal Hafeez,
  • Muhammad Azeem Sabirb,
  • Abdul Rehman,
  • Abdulrahman S. Aldawood

摘要

American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner) is a major key pest that is destroying cotton crops worldwide, causing significant yield losses and threatening sustainable agriculture. The excessive and prolonged use of chemical insecticides to control this pest has led to resistance development and ecological imbalances. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of a native isolate of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) and five commonly used insecticides, i.e., chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, bifenthrin, spinosad and chlorpyrifos, against second-instar larvae of H. armigera. All treatments were tested at four quantitative levels, and mortality data were analyzed using ANOVA (P < 0.05), confirming a significant effect of treatments with a good model fit (χ2 test, P > 0.05). SpltNPV, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and bifenthrin achieved > 50% mortality and were categorized as effective, whereas spinosad and chlorpyrifos were less effective (< 50% mortality after 72 h). Synergistic evaluation showed that SpltNPV combined with chlorantraniliprole (6:4 ratio) yielded the highest co-toxicity factor (35.90) and a synergistic index of 1.85. Enzymatic assays revealed no significant changes (P > 0.05) in the activity of carboxyl esterases (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GST), cytochrome P450 (CYP450) or acetylcholine esterases (AChE) following exposure to SpltNPV or combination treatments. These results suggest that SpltNPV is not targeted by the insect’s detoxification pathways and can effectively integrate with selective insecticides, especially chlorantraniliprole, for the sustainable management of H. armigera in cotton agroecosystems.