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<p>Conceptualized as behavioral health-related technology misuse, phubbing refers to a person’s preoccupation with their smartphone during face-to-face interactions, thereby disrupting interpersonal communication and psychological functioning. Based on attachment theory, this study examined the mediating roles of psychosocial problem areas (body image, social competence, family structure, and academic life) and Type D personality (a personality profile prone to stress) in the relationship between attachment styles and outcomes related to phubbing. A sample of 336 university students (69.9% female, 28.9% male, and 1.2% non-disclosing gender), aged 18 to 29 years (M = 20.85, SD = 1.87), participated in the study. The results indicate that problem fields and Type D personality mediate the relationship between avoidant (Aa) and anxious-ambivalent attachment styles (Aaa) and communication disorder. Specifically, Body Image (BoI) and Academic Life (Ac), along with Type D personality, mediate the effect of avoidant attachment on phone obsession (PO), while Family Structure (Fs), BoI, and Ac mediate the effect of Aaa on PO. These findings highlight the role of insecure attachment patterns and high stress sensitivity in the development of maladaptive smartphone use behaviors, and reveal phubbing to be a significant problem in the context of behavioral and mental health in technology-mediated environments.</p>

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The Mediating Role of Problem Fields and Type D Personality in the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Phubbing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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摘要

Conceptualized as behavioral health-related technology misuse, phubbing refers to a person’s preoccupation with their smartphone during face-to-face interactions, thereby disrupting interpersonal communication and psychological functioning. Based on attachment theory, this study examined the mediating roles of psychosocial problem areas (body image, social competence, family structure, and academic life) and Type D personality (a personality profile prone to stress) in the relationship between attachment styles and outcomes related to phubbing. A sample of 336 university students (69.9% female, 28.9% male, and 1.2% non-disclosing gender), aged 18 to 29 years (M = 20.85, SD = 1.87), participated in the study. The results indicate that problem fields and Type D personality mediate the relationship between avoidant (Aa) and anxious-ambivalent attachment styles (Aaa) and communication disorder. Specifically, Body Image (BoI) and Academic Life (Ac), along with Type D personality, mediate the effect of avoidant attachment on phone obsession (PO), while Family Structure (Fs), BoI, and Ac mediate the effect of Aaa on PO. These findings highlight the role of insecure attachment patterns and high stress sensitivity in the development of maladaptive smartphone use behaviors, and reveal phubbing to be a significant problem in the context of behavioral and mental health in technology-mediated environments.