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<p>Despite small size and fragmented distribution of informal urban ponds, these play a vital role in delivering ecosystem services(ES) within densely populated urban areas. However, their health and contribution to urban ecosystem service value (ESV) remain underexplored, especially from a spatial context. This study addresses to fill the gap by appraising the health and ESV of 50 urban ponds across diverse land-use zones and morphological in English Bazar Municipality (EBM), Eastern India. Pond health was assessed through field surveys using a ranking compositing, while ESV was estimated using the Ramsar Convention’s Rapid Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Services (RAWES) framework. Pearson’s correlation and ordinary least square(OLS) regression were used to link them. The study showed that 30% of ponds including some smaller ponds within high-density urban core were in good health. Larger ponds contributed higher provisioning services, while smaller ponds significantly to regulating and cultural services. A positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.30,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) was detected between pond health and ESV, strengthen by OLS regression (<i>R²</i> = 0.02–0.35,<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Hence, pond health sustenance is urgent for securing ES delivery. The results underscore the importance of incorporating small-scale blue spaces into spatial planning to enhance urban resilience and human well-being.</p>

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Spatial modelling of urban pond ecosystem services through an enhanced RAWES framework

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Ashish Saha,
  • Ripan Ghosh,
  • Sandipta Debanshi,
  • Priyanka Das,
  • Swades Pal

摘要

Despite small size and fragmented distribution of informal urban ponds, these play a vital role in delivering ecosystem services(ES) within densely populated urban areas. However, their health and contribution to urban ecosystem service value (ESV) remain underexplored, especially from a spatial context. This study addresses to fill the gap by appraising the health and ESV of 50 urban ponds across diverse land-use zones and morphological in English Bazar Municipality (EBM), Eastern India. Pond health was assessed through field surveys using a ranking compositing, while ESV was estimated using the Ramsar Convention’s Rapid Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Services (RAWES) framework. Pearson’s correlation and ordinary least square(OLS) regression were used to link them. The study showed that 30% of ponds including some smaller ponds within high-density urban core were in good health. Larger ponds contributed higher provisioning services, while smaller ponds significantly to regulating and cultural services. A positive correlation (r = 0.30,p < 0.05) was detected between pond health and ESV, strengthen by OLS regression (R² = 0.02–0.35,p < 0.01). Hence, pond health sustenance is urgent for securing ES delivery. The results underscore the importance of incorporating small-scale blue spaces into spatial planning to enhance urban resilience and human well-being.