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Objectives <p>To conduct a scoping review of research around immigrant families’ access to, utilization, and experiences with ASD services in Canada.</p> Methods <p>A literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted in August 2023. English and French-language descriptive observational studies and qualitative studies describing the experiences of immigrant families in Canada with accessing and/or using ASD services for their child &lt; 18&#xa0;years of age were included.</p> Results <p>Of 3,804 unique studies identified, 12 met inclusion criteria – representing 320 immigrant caregivers living in Ontario (<i>n</i> = 167), Quebec (<i>n</i> = 151), and British Columbia (<i>n</i> = 2). No studies focused on refugees. Common barriers when accessing ASD services were related to: difficulties navigating the system (wait times, limited resources in the public system, high costs for private services, lack of collaboration between school staff and caregivers); challenges interacting with service providers (feeling unheard, discrimination, lack of continuity of care); and cultural differences at the user level (regarding ASD, language barriers, social isolation). In contrast, families identified supportive healthcare and school personnel, provision of resources, and peer support networks as key facilitators to ASD service access and use.</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings reiterate the importance of greater caregiver involvement in informing evidence-based recommendations to improve Canadian service provision, policy, and research. This national focus is especially relevant today, given that 23% of Canadians in the most recent 2021 census are landed immigrants – representing the highest proportion of immigrants in Canada to date and emphasizing the growing need for culturally competent care.</p>

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Access to Autism Spectrum Disorder Services for Immigrant Families in Canada: A Scoping Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Selina Chow,
  • Oswin Chang,
  • Thenugaa Rajeswaran,
  • Milena Gojsevic,
  • Iveta Lewis,
  • Sharon Smile,
  • Anne Kawamura,
  • Rhea D’Costa

摘要

Objectives

To conduct a scoping review of research around immigrant families’ access to, utilization, and experiences with ASD services in Canada.

Methods

A literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted in August 2023. English and French-language descriptive observational studies and qualitative studies describing the experiences of immigrant families in Canada with accessing and/or using ASD services for their child < 18 years of age were included.

Results

Of 3,804 unique studies identified, 12 met inclusion criteria – representing 320 immigrant caregivers living in Ontario (n = 167), Quebec (n = 151), and British Columbia (n = 2). No studies focused on refugees. Common barriers when accessing ASD services were related to: difficulties navigating the system (wait times, limited resources in the public system, high costs for private services, lack of collaboration between school staff and caregivers); challenges interacting with service providers (feeling unheard, discrimination, lack of continuity of care); and cultural differences at the user level (regarding ASD, language barriers, social isolation). In contrast, families identified supportive healthcare and school personnel, provision of resources, and peer support networks as key facilitators to ASD service access and use.

Conclusion

Our findings reiterate the importance of greater caregiver involvement in informing evidence-based recommendations to improve Canadian service provision, policy, and research. This national focus is especially relevant today, given that 23% of Canadians in the most recent 2021 census are landed immigrants – representing the highest proportion of immigrants in Canada to date and emphasizing the growing need for culturally competent care.