First Description of Larval Morphology of Apocryptodon madurensis (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae: Oxudercinae) from Vietnam
摘要
Apocryptodon madurensis (Bleeker, 1849) (Oxudercinae) is an estuarine mudskipper inhabiting littoral areas across the tropical and subtropical Indo-West Pacific. This study provides the first documentation of the morphology of its larval stage, with supplementary observations on a juvenile and their habitat, and seasonal occurrence. A total of 32 individuals, including 31 postflexion larvae, 13.4–15.8 mm standard length (SL), and one 15.4 mm SL juvenile, were recorded from the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam. During June and July (summer 2021, 2023, 2024), larvae and a juvenile occurred in intertidal flats near the mouths of streams with muddy-sandy or muddy substrates. The larvae were characterized by having an elongated, laterally compressed body with 26 myomeres, a mid-ventrally positioned anus, a prominent gas bladder, and dorsal and anal fins separated from the caudal fin, with unique fin ray counts, and a paired row of melanophores along the anal fin ray base. These findings provide the first description of the larval morphology of A. madurensis, facilitating future identification studies and contributing to a better understanding of the species’ early life history for ecological and conservation purposes.