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<p>Activated carbon, obtained from marine biomass, is attracting increasing interest for its environmental applications. Red macroalgae, in particular <i>Gelidium</i>, are abundant in Morocco and represent a promising resource for the production of activated carbon due to their distinctive chemical composition and their physical properties adapted to various ecological applications. This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of activated carbon derived from <i>Gelidium</i> using chemical, physical and combinatorial activation methods. The chemical activation was carried out with zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) (50 mL of 25% ZnCl₂ solution for 10&#xa0;g of biomass), while the physical activation involved carbonization and combustion with CO₂. A combined approach, integrating the two activation methods, was also studied. The resulting biochars and activated carbons were characterized by specific surface measurements (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy imaging (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The results show that the combined ZnCl₂–CO₂ activation leads to the material having the largest specific surface area (838 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and a well-developed porosity. These textural performances, associated with the renewable origin of the precursor, confirm the interest of <i>Gelidium</i> macroalgae as a sustainable resource for the production of high-performance activated carbons, while contributing to the advancement of ecological techniques and sustainable management of marine resources.</p>

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Preparation and characterization of activated carbon derived from Moroccan Gelidium red macroalgae

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Hassan Bouaik,
  • Salma Madihi,
  • Meriem El Harfi,
  • Kaoutar El Hassani,
  • Adil Aboulkas,
  • Khalifa El Harfi

摘要

Activated carbon, obtained from marine biomass, is attracting increasing interest for its environmental applications. Red macroalgae, in particular Gelidium, are abundant in Morocco and represent a promising resource for the production of activated carbon due to their distinctive chemical composition and their physical properties adapted to various ecological applications. This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of activated carbon derived from Gelidium using chemical, physical and combinatorial activation methods. The chemical activation was carried out with zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) (50 mL of 25% ZnCl₂ solution for 10 g of biomass), while the physical activation involved carbonization and combustion with CO₂. A combined approach, integrating the two activation methods, was also studied. The resulting biochars and activated carbons were characterized by specific surface measurements (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy imaging (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The results show that the combined ZnCl₂–CO₂ activation leads to the material having the largest specific surface area (838 m2/g) and a well-developed porosity. These textural performances, associated with the renewable origin of the precursor, confirm the interest of Gelidium macroalgae as a sustainable resource for the production of high-performance activated carbons, while contributing to the advancement of ecological techniques and sustainable management of marine resources.