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<p>This study aims to assess soil erosion caused by water in the upper and middle parts of the Tafna watershed using the RUSLE model, chosen for its robustness and cost-effective and data-driven approach suitable for data-scarce regions. GIS-based techniques were employed to quantify and spatially represent soil loss, enabling the detection of erosion patterns and the identification of areas highly vulnerable to severe degradation. The RUSLE–GIS framework relies on the spatial integration of diverse datasets within a cartographic environment, including rainfall distribution, soil erodibility parameters, terrain morphology, vegetation cover characteristics, and land management or conservation practices. By overlaying all contributing factors in a GIS platform, an erosion susceptibility map was produced, separating six classes of potential soil loss that extend from very low to very extreme levels. The findings reveal that nearly 88% of the basin is subject very low to low erosion rates, corresponding to estimated annual soil losses of less than 20 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Around 9% of the area is affected by moderate erosion, whereas slightly more than 2.5% of the basin undergoes high to very high erosion intensities, surpassing 50 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Furthermore, the classification of the study region into five altitudinal intervals shows that the most pronounced erosion processes (reaching up to 10 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) are observed within elevation zones between 613 and 901&#xa0;m above sea level, which is characterized by steep slopes combined with high rainfall conditions. In the upper and middle parts of the Tafna, the effect of rainfall varies from one area to another, so that for the same amount of rain, solid inputs vary from 300 to 700 ton mm<sup>− 1</sup>. The relationship linking the RUSLE factors to the estimated soil loss indicates that the topographic factor represents the most influential variable. These results highlight the necessity of implementing effective anti-erosion measures. These actions are intended to ensure the conservation of soils within the basin, prolong the functional lifespan of the existing reservoirs (Boughrara and Beni Bahdel), and safeguard their water storage capacity.</p>

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Spatial assessment of soil erosion through the application of the RUSLE model and geospatial technologies in the upper and middle reaches of the Tafna watershed (northwestern Algeria)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Radouane Benaissa,
  • Hychem Kazi-Tani,
  • Maamar Meghraoui,
  • Abdeltif Amrane,
  • Radia Gherissi,
  • Jean Luc Probst,
  • Joaquim Farguell Perez,
  • Othman Hadjila

摘要

This study aims to assess soil erosion caused by water in the upper and middle parts of the Tafna watershed using the RUSLE model, chosen for its robustness and cost-effective and data-driven approach suitable for data-scarce regions. GIS-based techniques were employed to quantify and spatially represent soil loss, enabling the detection of erosion patterns and the identification of areas highly vulnerable to severe degradation. The RUSLE–GIS framework relies on the spatial integration of diverse datasets within a cartographic environment, including rainfall distribution, soil erodibility parameters, terrain morphology, vegetation cover characteristics, and land management or conservation practices. By overlaying all contributing factors in a GIS platform, an erosion susceptibility map was produced, separating six classes of potential soil loss that extend from very low to very extreme levels. The findings reveal that nearly 88% of the basin is subject very low to low erosion rates, corresponding to estimated annual soil losses of less than 20 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Around 9% of the area is affected by moderate erosion, whereas slightly more than 2.5% of the basin undergoes high to very high erosion intensities, surpassing 50 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Furthermore, the classification of the study region into five altitudinal intervals shows that the most pronounced erosion processes (reaching up to 10 ton ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) are observed within elevation zones between 613 and 901 m above sea level, which is characterized by steep slopes combined with high rainfall conditions. In the upper and middle parts of the Tafna, the effect of rainfall varies from one area to another, so that for the same amount of rain, solid inputs vary from 300 to 700 ton mm− 1. The relationship linking the RUSLE factors to the estimated soil loss indicates that the topographic factor represents the most influential variable. These results highlight the necessity of implementing effective anti-erosion measures. These actions are intended to ensure the conservation of soils within the basin, prolong the functional lifespan of the existing reservoirs (Boughrara and Beni Bahdel), and safeguard their water storage capacity.