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<p>In response to the growing interest in sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, this study investigated the essential oils (EOs) of <i>Origanum majorana</i> L. and <i>Lavandula dentata</i> L., cultivated under identical environmental conditions. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and their chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituent detected in <i>O. majorana</i> EO was terpinene-4-acetate (29.56%), while <i>L. dentata</i> EO was characterized by a high abundance of 1,8-cineole (57.49%). The investigated EOs exhibited considerable antioxidant, antibacterial, and insecticidal activities. <i>O. majorana</i> EO showed the strongest antioxidant activity, with IC<sub>50</sub> and EC<sub>50</sub> values of 2.7&#xa0;mg/mL and 0.158&#xa0;mg/mL, respectively. Both oils were effective against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, showing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.125&#xa0;mg/mL. In insecticidal assays performed on adult <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst, 1797), <i>O. majorana</i> EO demonstrated higher efficacy, with repellency and fumigant toxicity rates reaching 93% and 85%, respectively, at 15 µL after 2&#xa0;h of exposure. These findings emphasize the potential application of <i>O. majorana</i> and <i>L. dentata</i> as natural sources of bioactive compounds for eco-friendly pest control, antimicrobial purposes, and antioxidant applications. Their integration into sustainable agricultural systems may contribute to reducing environmental contamination, conserving biodiversity, and improving ecosystem health, highlighting their importance as natural bio-insecticides, antioxidants, and bio-preservatives.</p>

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From bioactive compounds to sustainable solutions: Origanum majorana L. and Lavandula dentata L. essential oils for integrated pest, microbial, and antioxidant management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Imen Lahmar,
  • Nawfel Mosbahi

摘要

In response to the growing interest in sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, this study investigated the essential oils (EOs) of Origanum majorana L. and Lavandula dentata L., cultivated under identical environmental conditions. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and their chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituent detected in O. majorana EO was terpinene-4-acetate (29.56%), while L. dentata EO was characterized by a high abundance of 1,8-cineole (57.49%). The investigated EOs exhibited considerable antioxidant, antibacterial, and insecticidal activities. O. majorana EO showed the strongest antioxidant activity, with IC50 and EC50 values of 2.7 mg/mL and 0.158 mg/mL, respectively. Both oils were effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium, showing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.125 mg/mL. In insecticidal assays performed on adult Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797), O. majorana EO demonstrated higher efficacy, with repellency and fumigant toxicity rates reaching 93% and 85%, respectively, at 15 µL after 2 h of exposure. These findings emphasize the potential application of O. majorana and L. dentata as natural sources of bioactive compounds for eco-friendly pest control, antimicrobial purposes, and antioxidant applications. Their integration into sustainable agricultural systems may contribute to reducing environmental contamination, conserving biodiversity, and improving ecosystem health, highlighting their importance as natural bio-insecticides, antioxidants, and bio-preservatives.