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<p>The construction sector is considered as the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily due to the extensive use of cement. To address this environmental challenge, natural pozzolan (NP), an abundant resource in the volcanic regions of the Middle Atlas, presents a good potential to substitute cement. This study investigates the feasibility of using natural pozzolan as a sustainable partial replacement for Portland cement in concrete. The performance of concrete mixtures containing natural pozzolan at substitution rates of 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight was studied at curing ages of 7, 28, and 90 days. The investigation focused on evaluating the mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of the modified concrete, providing critical insights into its potential as a sustainable, high-performance, and eco-friendly construction material. Mechanical performance was assessed using both destructive and non-destructive testing methods, followed by an evaluation of thermophysical properties. Durability performance was further examined under aggressive environments, 5% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and 5% hydrochloric acid (HCl), after immersion periods of 7, 15, 28, 35, and 45 days. The resistance of the specimens to acid attack was evaluated through mass loss and compressive strength measurements, complemented by microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The findings reveal that the use of 20 wt% natural pozzolan reduced compressive strength and flexural strength by only 2.87% and 4.25%, respectively, after 90 days of curing, compared to reference concrete. Moreover, Thermal conductivity measurements on dry specimens revealed that incorporating 30 wt% natural pozzolan significantly enhanced thermal performance, reducing conductivity by 70.63%. Furthermore, concrete specimens containing natural pozzolan exhibited superior resistance to H₂SO₄ and HCl attacks compared to the reference concrete. Overall, the results clearly demonstrate that the partial replacement of cement with natural pozzolan represents a promising strategy for producing eco-friendly concrete, thereby contributing to improved sustainability in the construction sector.</p>

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Mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of concrete incorporating natural pozzolan as a sustainable cement replacement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Jalila Ait Nasser,
  • Fatima-Ezzahra El Abbassi,
  • Mounsif Ibnoussina

摘要

The construction sector is considered as the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily due to the extensive use of cement. To address this environmental challenge, natural pozzolan (NP), an abundant resource in the volcanic regions of the Middle Atlas, presents a good potential to substitute cement. This study investigates the feasibility of using natural pozzolan as a sustainable partial replacement for Portland cement in concrete. The performance of concrete mixtures containing natural pozzolan at substitution rates of 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight was studied at curing ages of 7, 28, and 90 days. The investigation focused on evaluating the mechanical, thermal, and durability properties of the modified concrete, providing critical insights into its potential as a sustainable, high-performance, and eco-friendly construction material. Mechanical performance was assessed using both destructive and non-destructive testing methods, followed by an evaluation of thermophysical properties. Durability performance was further examined under aggressive environments, 5% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and 5% hydrochloric acid (HCl), after immersion periods of 7, 15, 28, 35, and 45 days. The resistance of the specimens to acid attack was evaluated through mass loss and compressive strength measurements, complemented by microstructural characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The findings reveal that the use of 20 wt% natural pozzolan reduced compressive strength and flexural strength by only 2.87% and 4.25%, respectively, after 90 days of curing, compared to reference concrete. Moreover, Thermal conductivity measurements on dry specimens revealed that incorporating 30 wt% natural pozzolan significantly enhanced thermal performance, reducing conductivity by 70.63%. Furthermore, concrete specimens containing natural pozzolan exhibited superior resistance to H₂SO₄ and HCl attacks compared to the reference concrete. Overall, the results clearly demonstrate that the partial replacement of cement with natural pozzolan represents a promising strategy for producing eco-friendly concrete, thereby contributing to improved sustainability in the construction sector.