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<p><i>Borago officinalis</i> L., a medicinal plant of the <i>Boraginaceae</i> family, was evaluated for its insecticidal activity against the flour pest <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst), its antioxidant properties and the chemical composition of its extracts was analyzed. The results indicated that after 14 days, the powders of mature and immature <i>Borago officinalis</i> L. seeds exhibited up to 100% toxicity at a concentration of 50% (3&#xa0;g). Mature seeds from the region of Zaghouan were the most effective against <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst), with lethal dose 50 LD<sub>50</sub> values 2.38 ± 0.275&#xa0;g, followed by immature seeds from Ariana with LD<sub>50</sub> = 3.30 ± 0.592&#xa0;g. The difference in toxicity between mature and immature seeds was significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Chemical analysis by GC/MS and LC/MS revealed that both mature and immature <i>Borago officinalis</i> L. seeds are rich in methylated fatty acids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Additionally, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extracts from <i>Borago officinalis</i> L. seeds. The highest radical scavenging activity was observed in mature seeds from Zaghouan provenance, with an inhibitory concentration 50 IC<sub>50</sub> of 97,5 ± 0,2&#xa0;µg/mL, compared to immature seeds. In Summary, mature <i>Borago officinalis</i> L. seed powders have excellent antioxidant and insecticidal properties. They provide a natural, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional pesticides for the protection of soft wheat seeds during storage.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Phytochemicals composition, antioxidant properties and insecticidal activity of mature and immature seeds of Borago officinalis L. (Boraginaceae) against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae), a pest of stored product

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Anouar Bouali,
  • Ali Zaiter,
  • Amadou Dicko,
  • Monia Nasri,
  • Héla El Ferchichi Ouarda

摘要

Borago officinalis L., a medicinal plant of the Boraginaceae family, was evaluated for its insecticidal activity against the flour pest Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), its antioxidant properties and the chemical composition of its extracts was analyzed. The results indicated that after 14 days, the powders of mature and immature Borago officinalis L. seeds exhibited up to 100% toxicity at a concentration of 50% (3 g). Mature seeds from the region of Zaghouan were the most effective against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), with lethal dose 50 LD50 values 2.38 ± 0.275 g, followed by immature seeds from Ariana with LD50 = 3.30 ± 0.592 g. The difference in toxicity between mature and immature seeds was significant (P < 0.05). Chemical analysis by GC/MS and LC/MS revealed that both mature and immature Borago officinalis L. seeds are rich in methylated fatty acids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Additionally, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extracts from Borago officinalis L. seeds. The highest radical scavenging activity was observed in mature seeds from Zaghouan provenance, with an inhibitory concentration 50 IC50 of 97,5 ± 0,2 µg/mL, compared to immature seeds. In Summary, mature Borago officinalis L. seed powders have excellent antioxidant and insecticidal properties. They provide a natural, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional pesticides for the protection of soft wheat seeds during storage.

Graphical abstract