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<p>The Um Bogma area in southwestern Sinai, Egypt, is renowned for hosting several base metals and industrial materials within significant Paleozoic lithostratigraphic successions. These successions comprise five distinct formations: Sarabit El Khadim, Abu Hamata, Adedia, Um Bogma, and Abu Thora. Fieldwork, whole rock geochemistry, and X-ray diffraction analyses were applied to explore their geological attributes and assess metal and non-metal quality, quantity, and economic viability. Detailed geological investigations reveal that these formations consist of diverse units with specific lithological and depositional characteristics. The Sarabit El Khadim Formation, the oldest, primarily consists of conglomerates and sandstones, reaching a thickness of approximately 18&#xa0;m, deposited in a channel-fill environment. The Abu Thora Formation contains significant coal seams and glass sand deposits, suggesting fluvial to swampy environments. The economic potential of these formations is substantial. The Sarabit El Khadim and Abu Hamata formations contain industrial rocks suitable for construction and cement production, with over 100 Mt of sandstone reserves identified. The Um Bogma Formation includes significant reserves of dolomite (100 Mt), limestone (50 Mt), and manganese ores (700,000 t). Quartz reserves are estimated at 3 Mt, while white glass sand, with a purity of up to 99.9% silicon dioxide, has a reserve exceeding 250 Mt. Additionally, the area’s copper and heavy minerals offer further economic value. This study not only delineates the geological setting and sedimentation patterns of the Um Bogma area but also highlights its vast economic implications. The findings underscore the area’s significant potential to contribute to Egypt’s mineral economy, emphasizing the need for systematic exploration and strategic exploitation of these resources.</p>

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Geological characteristics and economic potential of paleozoic formations in the Um Bogma Area, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Fatma Ramadan,
  • Sami K. Aita,
  • Abd Elazeam Sayed,
  • Ahmed G. Hassan,
  • Abdulgafar K. Amuda,
  • Mohamed Faisal

摘要

The Um Bogma area in southwestern Sinai, Egypt, is renowned for hosting several base metals and industrial materials within significant Paleozoic lithostratigraphic successions. These successions comprise five distinct formations: Sarabit El Khadim, Abu Hamata, Adedia, Um Bogma, and Abu Thora. Fieldwork, whole rock geochemistry, and X-ray diffraction analyses were applied to explore their geological attributes and assess metal and non-metal quality, quantity, and economic viability. Detailed geological investigations reveal that these formations consist of diverse units with specific lithological and depositional characteristics. The Sarabit El Khadim Formation, the oldest, primarily consists of conglomerates and sandstones, reaching a thickness of approximately 18 m, deposited in a channel-fill environment. The Abu Thora Formation contains significant coal seams and glass sand deposits, suggesting fluvial to swampy environments. The economic potential of these formations is substantial. The Sarabit El Khadim and Abu Hamata formations contain industrial rocks suitable for construction and cement production, with over 100 Mt of sandstone reserves identified. The Um Bogma Formation includes significant reserves of dolomite (100 Mt), limestone (50 Mt), and manganese ores (700,000 t). Quartz reserves are estimated at 3 Mt, while white glass sand, with a purity of up to 99.9% silicon dioxide, has a reserve exceeding 250 Mt. Additionally, the area’s copper and heavy minerals offer further economic value. This study not only delineates the geological setting and sedimentation patterns of the Um Bogma area but also highlights its vast economic implications. The findings underscore the area’s significant potential to contribute to Egypt’s mineral economy, emphasizing the need for systematic exploration and strategic exploitation of these resources.