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<p><i>Lavandula stoechas</i> L., a medicinal and aromatic shrub native to the Mediterranean region, is known for its diverse health-promoting properties, particularly in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, the phytochemical characterisation and in vivo antidiabetic activity of its ethanolic extract were investigated using alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The extract exhibited high total phenolic (118.45 ± 2.96&#xa0;mg&#xa0;GAE/g&#xa0;DW) and flavonoid (68.36 ± 2.25&#xa0;mg&#xa0;RE/g&#xa0;DW) contents. LC–ESI–MS analysis identified four phenolic acids and five flavonoids, with salvianolic acid being the predominant phenolic acid (222.52&#xa0;µg/g&#xa0;DW) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside the most abundant flavonoid (19.73&#xa0;µg/g&#xa0;DW). A significant reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats treated with 0.5&#xa0;mL of lavender extract per 100&#xa0;g body weight (250&#xa0;mg/kg), with levels reaching 138.4&#xa0;mg/dL and showing no significant difference from the control group by the sixth week of treatment. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test highlighted a significant decrease in hyperglycemia in treated diabetic rats (90.60&#xa0;mg/dL) after 40&#xa0;min, reaching levels comparable to the control group. Blood glucose (9.99 ± 4.68&#xa0;mmol/L) and lactate (1.98 ± 0.11&#xa0;mmol/L) levels in treated diabetic rats, measured post-sacrifice, were markedly lower than in non-treated diabetic rats, with no significant difference from the control group. Muscle glycogen reserves increased significantly (1.75 ± 0.32&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g) in treated diabetic rats, showing no significant difference compared to the control. Treated diabetic rats also exhibited reduced plasma triglyceride levels (0.91 ± 0.14&#xa0;mmol/L) compared with both the control (1.29 ± 0.16&#xa0;mmol/L) and non-treated diabetic rats (1.46 ± 0.17&#xa0;mmol/L). Furthermore, decreases in plasma calcium (1.81 ± 0.26&#xa0;mmol/L), chloride (71.40 ± 6.10&#xa0;mmol/L), and serum iron levels (30.99 ± 5.60&#xa0;mmol/L) were observed in the treated diabetic rats. These findings outlined the high potential of French lavender phenolic fraction for the treatment of diabetes. Valorising this Mediterranean wild medicinal species will support both new drug discovery and the conservation of its genetic resources.</p>

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Diabetic therapeutic potential of French lavender phenolic-rich extract as revealed by in vivo bioassays

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Hnia Chograni,
  • Miryam Elferchichi,
  • Ferid Hajji,
  • Leila Riahi,
  • Chokri Messaoud

摘要

Lavandula stoechas L., a medicinal and aromatic shrub native to the Mediterranean region, is known for its diverse health-promoting properties, particularly in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, the phytochemical characterisation and in vivo antidiabetic activity of its ethanolic extract were investigated using alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The extract exhibited high total phenolic (118.45 ± 2.96 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (68.36 ± 2.25 mg RE/g DW) contents. LC–ESI–MS analysis identified four phenolic acids and five flavonoids, with salvianolic acid being the predominant phenolic acid (222.52 µg/g DW) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside the most abundant flavonoid (19.73 µg/g DW). A significant reduction in blood glucose levels was observed in diabetic rats treated with 0.5 mL of lavender extract per 100 g body weight (250 mg/kg), with levels reaching 138.4 mg/dL and showing no significant difference from the control group by the sixth week of treatment. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test highlighted a significant decrease in hyperglycemia in treated diabetic rats (90.60 mg/dL) after 40 min, reaching levels comparable to the control group. Blood glucose (9.99 ± 4.68 mmol/L) and lactate (1.98 ± 0.11 mmol/L) levels in treated diabetic rats, measured post-sacrifice, were markedly lower than in non-treated diabetic rats, with no significant difference from the control group. Muscle glycogen reserves increased significantly (1.75 ± 0.32 g/100 g) in treated diabetic rats, showing no significant difference compared to the control. Treated diabetic rats also exhibited reduced plasma triglyceride levels (0.91 ± 0.14 mmol/L) compared with both the control (1.29 ± 0.16 mmol/L) and non-treated diabetic rats (1.46 ± 0.17 mmol/L). Furthermore, decreases in plasma calcium (1.81 ± 0.26 mmol/L), chloride (71.40 ± 6.10 mmol/L), and serum iron levels (30.99 ± 5.60 mmol/L) were observed in the treated diabetic rats. These findings outlined the high potential of French lavender phenolic fraction for the treatment of diabetes. Valorising this Mediterranean wild medicinal species will support both new drug discovery and the conservation of its genetic resources.