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<p>The Oued Laou Basin, located at the junction between the Rif Mountain range and the coastal plains of northern Morocco, was the focus of this research. A detailed investigation of its structural and tectonic characteristics was carried out using GIS, remote sensing, and fieldwork. The basin, composed of Plio-Quaternary deposits overlying a Paleozoic to Meso-Cenozoic basement, has undergone six major tectonic phases. During the Triassic–Liassic, the paleostress regime was extensional, with σ3 axes oriented NNW–SSE and NW–SE, which led to the formation of NE–SW normal faults. In the Oligocene–Miocene, the stress regime shifted to compression, with an NNE–SSW oriented σ1 axis. This reactivated pre-existing structures, transforming normal faults into thrusts. In the upper Miocene, compression with a WNW–ESE oriented σ1 axis produced ENE–WSW right-lateral and NNW–SSE left-lateral strike-slip faults. These movements caused significant dislocations within the sedimentary sequences. During the Early–Middle Pliocene, a NW–SE oriented σ1 axis generated conjugate strike-slip faults trending NW–SE to WNW–ESE and NNW–SSE to sub-meridional. The final tectonic phase, during the Middle–Late Quaternary, was characterized by a compressional regime with an NNW–SSE oriented σ1 axis and an ENE–WSW oriented σ3 axis. This paleostress configuration led to the development of strike-slip faults with reverse components, reverse faults with left-lateral components, and sub-meridional tension gashes affecting the most recent fluvial terraces along the basin margins. These structural results provide key insights into the tectonic evolution of the Oued Laou Basin and offer a framework for hydrogeological studies aimed at identifying recharge areas and aquifers within its sedimentary formations.</p>

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Geological study of the Oued Laou Basin (Rif Belt, Morocco): detailed mapping, tectonic evolution and hydrogeological implications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Youness Taybi,
  • Mohammed Elgettafi,
  • Youssef Gharmane,
  • Abdelali Gouiss,
  • Abdelkarim Mahtal,
  • Juan M. Lorenzo

摘要

The Oued Laou Basin, located at the junction between the Rif Mountain range and the coastal plains of northern Morocco, was the focus of this research. A detailed investigation of its structural and tectonic characteristics was carried out using GIS, remote sensing, and fieldwork. The basin, composed of Plio-Quaternary deposits overlying a Paleozoic to Meso-Cenozoic basement, has undergone six major tectonic phases. During the Triassic–Liassic, the paleostress regime was extensional, with σ3 axes oriented NNW–SSE and NW–SE, which led to the formation of NE–SW normal faults. In the Oligocene–Miocene, the stress regime shifted to compression, with an NNE–SSW oriented σ1 axis. This reactivated pre-existing structures, transforming normal faults into thrusts. In the upper Miocene, compression with a WNW–ESE oriented σ1 axis produced ENE–WSW right-lateral and NNW–SSE left-lateral strike-slip faults. These movements caused significant dislocations within the sedimentary sequences. During the Early–Middle Pliocene, a NW–SE oriented σ1 axis generated conjugate strike-slip faults trending NW–SE to WNW–ESE and NNW–SSE to sub-meridional. The final tectonic phase, during the Middle–Late Quaternary, was characterized by a compressional regime with an NNW–SSE oriented σ1 axis and an ENE–WSW oriented σ3 axis. This paleostress configuration led to the development of strike-slip faults with reverse components, reverse faults with left-lateral components, and sub-meridional tension gashes affecting the most recent fluvial terraces along the basin margins. These structural results provide key insights into the tectonic evolution of the Oued Laou Basin and offer a framework for hydrogeological studies aimed at identifying recharge areas and aquifers within its sedimentary formations.