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<p>This investigation provides the first comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial power and mode of action of the essential oil of Tunisian <i>Thymus numidicus</i> two distinct bacterial species. GC–MS analysis revealed a high concentration of bioactive compounds, particularly 4-terpineol (43.05%) and carvacrol (28.60%). The antioxidant activity demonstrated strong free radical neutralization capacity. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against several pathogenic bacteria (<i>Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Listeria monocytogenes).</i> Obtained data showed remarkable antimicrobial efficacy, with large inhibition zones (21–40&#xa0;mm) and low MIC values (0.39–0.78% v/v). The strongest inhibitory effect was observed against <i>S. aureus</i>, followed by <i>E. coli</i>. According to mechanistic research, the EO breaks down the membranes and cell walls of bacteria, allowing internal components to seep out and inhibiting DNA synthesis, which ultimately results in bacterial cell death. The findings underline the value of Tunisian natural resources as potential alternative to conventional antibiotics.</p>

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Could Tunisian Thymus numidicus essential oil be a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Chaima Rahmouni,
  • Mohamed Mendili,
  • Chedia Aouadhi,
  • Nedaa Husein,
  • Eric Masson,
  • Antonio Pizzi,
  • Ayda Khadhri

摘要

This investigation provides the first comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial power and mode of action of the essential oil of Tunisian Thymus numidicus two distinct bacterial species. GC–MS analysis revealed a high concentration of bioactive compounds, particularly 4-terpineol (43.05%) and carvacrol (28.60%). The antioxidant activity demonstrated strong free radical neutralization capacity. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against several pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Listeria monocytogenes). Obtained data showed remarkable antimicrobial efficacy, with large inhibition zones (21–40 mm) and low MIC values (0.39–0.78% v/v). The strongest inhibitory effect was observed against S. aureus, followed by E. coli. According to mechanistic research, the EO breaks down the membranes and cell walls of bacteria, allowing internal components to seep out and inhibiting DNA synthesis, which ultimately results in bacterial cell death. The findings underline the value of Tunisian natural resources as potential alternative to conventional antibiotics.