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<p>This study reports the first occurrence of <i>Biscogniauxia rosacearum</i> causing charcoal canker disease in <i>Eucalyptus</i> trees within the Djebel Chitana forest of Northwestern Tunisia. <i>Biscogniauxia</i> species are known as opportunistic pathogens, often associated with water stress. During a survey, symptomatic <i>Eucalyptus</i> branches and trunks exhibited stromata with perithecia, characteristic of <i>Biscogniauxia</i>. Fungal isolation and subsequent morphological and molecular analyses, including sequencing of the partial ITS-rDNA, actin, and beta-tubulin genes, confirmed the pathogen as <i>B. rosacearum</i>. Pathogenicity tests on 1-year-old <i>Eucalyptus</i> plants demonstrated the virulence of this fungus, with necrosis appearing within 2 weeks. Disease incidence was surveyed over several years, revealing an increase, from 46% in 2021 to 100% by 2023. The disease initially emerged in the northern section of the plot, bordering agricultural fields and <i>Olea europaea</i> orchards, with scattered infection points indicating multiple independent sources. Furthermore, analysis of rainfall data revealed a decline in annual rainfall, suggesting potential regional climate change. This trend correlated with a progressive increase in disease incidence, particularly after 2016, implying a potential link between decreasing rainfall and increased susceptibility of <i>Eucalyptus</i> to <i>B. rosacearum</i>. This research highlights the significant threat posed by this pathogen to <i>Eucalyptus</i> populations and emphasizes the potential influence of environmental factors, such as water stress, on disease development and spread.</p>

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Eucalyptus species encountering the emergence of Biscogniauxia rosacearum as a novel threat in Tunisia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Islem Yangui,
  • Sawssen Hlaiem,
  • Ahmed Marouani,
  • Hadil Khadraoui,
  • Soumaya Hmissi,
  • Chokri Messaoud,
  • Mohamed Lahbib Ben Jamâa,
  • Olfa Ezzine

摘要

This study reports the first occurrence of Biscogniauxia rosacearum causing charcoal canker disease in Eucalyptus trees within the Djebel Chitana forest of Northwestern Tunisia. Biscogniauxia species are known as opportunistic pathogens, often associated with water stress. During a survey, symptomatic Eucalyptus branches and trunks exhibited stromata with perithecia, characteristic of Biscogniauxia. Fungal isolation and subsequent morphological and molecular analyses, including sequencing of the partial ITS-rDNA, actin, and beta-tubulin genes, confirmed the pathogen as B. rosacearum. Pathogenicity tests on 1-year-old Eucalyptus plants demonstrated the virulence of this fungus, with necrosis appearing within 2 weeks. Disease incidence was surveyed over several years, revealing an increase, from 46% in 2021 to 100% by 2023. The disease initially emerged in the northern section of the plot, bordering agricultural fields and Olea europaea orchards, with scattered infection points indicating multiple independent sources. Furthermore, analysis of rainfall data revealed a decline in annual rainfall, suggesting potential regional climate change. This trend correlated with a progressive increase in disease incidence, particularly after 2016, implying a potential link between decreasing rainfall and increased susceptibility of Eucalyptus to B. rosacearum. This research highlights the significant threat posed by this pathogen to Eucalyptus populations and emphasizes the potential influence of environmental factors, such as water stress, on disease development and spread.