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<p>Understanding how co-occurring species allocate resources and regulate their reproductive cycles is pivotal to conserving endemic freshwater fish species. The present study investigates the seasonal variations in reproductive investment and physiological condition of four endemic cyprinids (<i>Luciobarbus ksibi, Luciobarbus magniatlantis, Carasobarbus fritschii,</i> and <i>Atlantor reinii</i>) across four stations in Zat stream (Morocco). The reproductive and physiological indices [Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), Viscerosomatic Index (VSI), and Scaled Mass Index (SMI)] were analyzed across dry and wet seasons. The analysis revealed that female <i>L. ksibi</i> exhibited the highest reproductive investment (GSI: 15–20%) during the dry season at stations S2 and S3, while <i>C. fritschii</i> maintained elevated physiological condition (VSI: 20–25%) across seasons. Principal Component Analysis (PC1: 84.5%, PC2: 7.6%) revealed distinct eco-morphological strategies, with <i>L. ksibi</i> showing the highest degree of plasticity compared to the more conservative patterns exhibited by <i>A. reinii</i> and <i>C. fritschii</i>. Significant spatial and temporal variations in reproductive investment (ANOVA, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) suggest the presence of resource partitioning mechanisms among these endemic species. These findings are critical for the development of effective conservation strategies that ensure the protection of these endemic species and their ecological niches.</p>

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Seasonal patterns in reproductive investment, energy allocation and physiological condition of four endemic cyprinids in a Mediterranean stream

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Abdelilah Ahnich,
  • Fayçal Aitboumalassa,
  • Hanane Khalki,
  • Mohamed Naimi

摘要

Understanding how co-occurring species allocate resources and regulate their reproductive cycles is pivotal to conserving endemic freshwater fish species. The present study investigates the seasonal variations in reproductive investment and physiological condition of four endemic cyprinids (Luciobarbus ksibi, Luciobarbus magniatlantis, Carasobarbus fritschii, and Atlantor reinii) across four stations in Zat stream (Morocco). The reproductive and physiological indices [Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), Viscerosomatic Index (VSI), and Scaled Mass Index (SMI)] were analyzed across dry and wet seasons. The analysis revealed that female L. ksibi exhibited the highest reproductive investment (GSI: 15–20%) during the dry season at stations S2 and S3, while C. fritschii maintained elevated physiological condition (VSI: 20–25%) across seasons. Principal Component Analysis (PC1: 84.5%, PC2: 7.6%) revealed distinct eco-morphological strategies, with L. ksibi showing the highest degree of plasticity compared to the more conservative patterns exhibited by A. reinii and C. fritschii. Significant spatial and temporal variations in reproductive investment (ANOVA, p < 0.05) suggest the presence of resource partitioning mechanisms among these endemic species. These findings are critical for the development of effective conservation strategies that ensure the protection of these endemic species and their ecological niches.