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<p>Olive fruit is a key component of the Mediterranean diet. Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is the main byproduct of the olive oil extraction process. It contains high amounts of polyphenols with interesting socio-economic and health benefits. The study aims to examine the impact of Hydroxytyrosol-rich-olive mill wastewater (HT-OMWW) on retinal neurodegeneration in diet-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) rat model like human <i>Psammomys obesus</i> (<i>P. obesus</i>). Animals were divided into four groups. Two groups were fed a high-calorie diet (HCD), one untreated (D) and the other receiving HT-OMWW (20&#xa0;mg/kg body weight) (D+), and two other groups served as controls (C and C+) fed a low-calorie diet. Throughout the study, body weight and glycemia were assessed. Outer and inner retina cell types were scrutinized using immunohistochemistry in different stages. Our results showed that the extract was rich in phenols with antioxidant activity. The major compound identified was Hydroxytyrosol, which has demonstrated anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects. Furthermore, long-term administration of HT-OMWW exhibited radical enhancements in retinal thickness and cell density with reduced cone-photoreceptor damage in diabetic animals in 5 and 7&#xa0;months. The treatment has also attenuated bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cell loss in 5 and 7-month diabetic <i>P. obesus</i>. These results confirm that <i>P. obesus</i> is a valuable HCD-induced diabetes model for evaluating DR features and indicate the efficacy of HT-OMWW administration as a therapeutic intervention for DR, specifically in protecting the retina against neurodegenerative processes. HT-OMWW could be implemented in the socio-economic integration approach via its valorization as a nutraceutical for DR treatment.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Neuroprotective effect of hydroxytyrosol-rich-olive mill wastewater extract on retinal degeneration in Tunisian Psammomys obesus, a model of diabetic retinopathy like human

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月25日

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  • Oumaima Achour,
  • Sihem Mbarek,
  • Yosr Z. Haffani,
  • Oumayma Hammami,
  • Nourhène Boudhrioua,
  • Ayachi Zemmel,
  • Fatiha Chigr,
  • Mohamed Najimi,
  • Serge Picaud,
  • Rafika Ben Chaouacha-Chekir

摘要

Olive fruit is a key component of the Mediterranean diet. Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) is the main byproduct of the olive oil extraction process. It contains high amounts of polyphenols with interesting socio-economic and health benefits. The study aims to examine the impact of Hydroxytyrosol-rich-olive mill wastewater (HT-OMWW) on retinal neurodegeneration in diet-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) rat model like human Psammomys obesus (P. obesus). Animals were divided into four groups. Two groups were fed a high-calorie diet (HCD), one untreated (D) and the other receiving HT-OMWW (20 mg/kg body weight) (D+), and two other groups served as controls (C and C+) fed a low-calorie diet. Throughout the study, body weight and glycemia were assessed. Outer and inner retina cell types were scrutinized using immunohistochemistry in different stages. Our results showed that the extract was rich in phenols with antioxidant activity. The major compound identified was Hydroxytyrosol, which has demonstrated anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects. Furthermore, long-term administration of HT-OMWW exhibited radical enhancements in retinal thickness and cell density with reduced cone-photoreceptor damage in diabetic animals in 5 and 7 months. The treatment has also attenuated bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cell loss in 5 and 7-month diabetic P. obesus. These results confirm that P. obesus is a valuable HCD-induced diabetes model for evaluating DR features and indicate the efficacy of HT-OMWW administration as a therapeutic intervention for DR, specifically in protecting the retina against neurodegenerative processes. HT-OMWW could be implemented in the socio-economic integration approach via its valorization as a nutraceutical for DR treatment.

Graphical abstract