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<p>This study focuses on the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract derived from <i>Rhizophora apiculata</i> mangrove species renowned for its bioactive compounds. The synthesis process involved mixing zinc oxide with the mangrove extract and characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and EDS techniques. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of <i>Rhizophora apiculata</i> ZnO NPs prominent peak at around 320&#xa0;nm. FTIR analysis identified functional groups responsible for stabilizing the nanoparticle broad absorption band between 3048&#xa0;cm⁻¹ to 507&#xa0;cm⁻¹. SEM imaging revealed uniform morphology with minimal agglomeration, indicating efficient stabilization Nanoparticles particle size was estimated to range from 28&#xa0;nm to 72&#xa0;nm. EDS analysis further validated the elemental composition of the nanoparticles confirming the presence of zinc and oxygen. Toxicity studies on <i>Poecilia latipinna</i> larvae to evaluate the ecological safety of the ZnO NPs with <i>Rhizophora apiculata</i>. The results indicated concentration-dependent toxic effects, suggesting the need for careful consideration of ecological impacts. This study demonstrates that <i>Rhizophora apiculata</i> extract is an effective and sustainable source for the biosynthesis of ZnO NPs. The potential of <i>Rhizophora apiculata</i> extract as a sustainable source for synthesizing functional nanomaterials with applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial sectors. Further research is essential to fully understand the safety and ecological implications of these biogenic ZnO NPs.</p> Graphical abstract <p>Biosynthesis Zinc nanoparticleswith <i>Rhizophora apiculata </i>toxicity studies on <i>Poecilia latipinna</i>.</p> <p></p>

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Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Rhizophora apiculata and toxicity assessment in black molly Poecilia latipinna

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • N. Mounitha,
  • Pavithra Thiraviyam,
  • Smitha Nair,
  • Krishnamoorthy Santhosh,
  • Dhanraj Ganapathy,
  • Pitchiah Sivaperumal

摘要

This study focuses on the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract derived from Rhizophora apiculata mangrove species renowned for its bioactive compounds. The synthesis process involved mixing zinc oxide with the mangrove extract and characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and EDS techniques. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of Rhizophora apiculata ZnO NPs prominent peak at around 320 nm. FTIR analysis identified functional groups responsible for stabilizing the nanoparticle broad absorption band between 3048 cm⁻¹ to 507 cm⁻¹. SEM imaging revealed uniform morphology with minimal agglomeration, indicating efficient stabilization Nanoparticles particle size was estimated to range from 28 nm to 72 nm. EDS analysis further validated the elemental composition of the nanoparticles confirming the presence of zinc and oxygen. Toxicity studies on Poecilia latipinna larvae to evaluate the ecological safety of the ZnO NPs with Rhizophora apiculata. The results indicated concentration-dependent toxic effects, suggesting the need for careful consideration of ecological impacts. This study demonstrates that Rhizophora apiculata extract is an effective and sustainable source for the biosynthesis of ZnO NPs. The potential of Rhizophora apiculata extract as a sustainable source for synthesizing functional nanomaterials with applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial sectors. Further research is essential to fully understand the safety and ecological implications of these biogenic ZnO NPs.

Graphical abstract

Biosynthesis Zinc nanoparticleswith Rhizophora apiculata toxicity studies on Poecilia latipinna.