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<p>Mercury ions (Hg²⁺) are highly toxic environmental pollutants requiring rapid and cost-effective detection methods. This study presents an eco-friendly approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of nutmeg (<i>Myristica fragrans</i>), pineapple (<i>Ananas comosus</i>), and jambulang (<i>Syzygium cumini</i>), which serve as both reducing and stabilizing agents. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, exhibiting characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks around 400&#xa0;nm, and TEM analysis, which revealed spherical morphology with diameters of 4–6&#xa0;nm. The synthesized AgNPs were evaluated as colorimetric sensors for Hg²⁺ detection, based on the color change from yellow/brown to colorless due to the Ag-Hg amalgamation process and the subsequent quenching of the SPR peak. Among the three extracts, <i>S. cumini</i> demonstrated superior performance with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.47 ppm, significantly lower than <i>A. comosus</i> (1.16 ppm) and <i>M. fragrans</i> (2.51 ppm). To demonstrate practical utility, the AgNPs were immobilized onto cotton buds as a portable, “naked-eye” sensor, enabling on-site mercury detection without sophisticated instrumentation. These results suggest that green-synthesized AgNPs offer a sustainable and efficient platform for monitoring heavy metal contamination in aqueous environments.</p>

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles as a portable colorimetric sensor for mercury detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Khusna Arif Rakhman,
  • Nurfatimah Sugrah,
  • Lia Destiarti,
  • Khairunnisa A. Sibua,
  • Setyani Dian Puspitasari,
  • Muhammad Hidayat Jaya Miharja,
  • Ni Made Wiratini

摘要

Mercury ions (Hg²⁺) are highly toxic environmental pollutants requiring rapid and cost-effective detection methods. This study presents an eco-friendly approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), pineapple (Ananas comosus), and jambulang (Syzygium cumini), which serve as both reducing and stabilizing agents. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, exhibiting characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks around 400 nm, and TEM analysis, which revealed spherical morphology with diameters of 4–6 nm. The synthesized AgNPs were evaluated as colorimetric sensors for Hg²⁺ detection, based on the color change from yellow/brown to colorless due to the Ag-Hg amalgamation process and the subsequent quenching of the SPR peak. Among the three extracts, S. cumini demonstrated superior performance with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.47 ppm, significantly lower than A. comosus (1.16 ppm) and M. fragrans (2.51 ppm). To demonstrate practical utility, the AgNPs were immobilized onto cotton buds as a portable, “naked-eye” sensor, enabling on-site mercury detection without sophisticated instrumentation. These results suggest that green-synthesized AgNPs offer a sustainable and efficient platform for monitoring heavy metal contamination in aqueous environments.