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<p>Researchers have been focused extensively on synthesizing metallic using the green synthesis method, which is a facile, non-toxic, eco-friendly, safe, and cost-effective approach. Here, we have synthesized CuO NPs through a green synthesis approach, utilizing Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract. Fenugreek has many medicinal applications, including hypocholesterolemic, lactation aid, antibacterial, gastric stimulant, and blood sugar control properties. Green synthesis of CuO NPs using fenugreek seed extract is an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional methods that involve toxic reagents and high energy consumption. Fenugreek's biomolecules, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, act as natural reducing and stabilizing agents, eliminating the need for hazardous chemicals. The synthesized CuO NPs were thoroughly characterized employing a range of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) analysis, Electrochemical studies, and antimicrobial activity. The crystallite size of the CuO NPs was determined through XRD measurements. Optical characterizations, such as the UV–visible absorption spectrum and PL analysis, elucidate the optical band gap, crystalline quality, electron–hole surface recombination, and impurity levels in the synthesized materials. The presence of functional groups was validated via FTIR analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzed the sample's surface morphology. Find energy density, specific capacitance, over potential, and resistance from the electrochemical studies. A cyclic voltammetry study was explored for the prepared CuO sample at the different scan rates (mV/s). CuO NPs exhibited the highest specific capacitance value of 189.97 (F/g) and Energy density of 15.19 (Wh/kg). The CuO NPs were used as efficient electrocatalysts for HER activity for base media. The CuO NPs exhibit the over-potential of 153&#xa0;mV at the scan rate of 10&#xa0;mV. Additionally, the antimicrobial assessment indicates that CuO NPs exhibit exceptional antifungal properties and optimal antibacterial efficacy.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles using fenugreek seeds for antibacterial and water splitting applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • S. Pon Lakshmanan,
  • P. Velusamy,
  • T. Sainta Jostar,
  • P. Sivaprakash

摘要

Researchers have been focused extensively on synthesizing metallic using the green synthesis method, which is a facile, non-toxic, eco-friendly, safe, and cost-effective approach. Here, we have synthesized CuO NPs through a green synthesis approach, utilizing Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract. Fenugreek has many medicinal applications, including hypocholesterolemic, lactation aid, antibacterial, gastric stimulant, and blood sugar control properties. Green synthesis of CuO NPs using fenugreek seed extract is an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional methods that involve toxic reagents and high energy consumption. Fenugreek's biomolecules, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, act as natural reducing and stabilizing agents, eliminating the need for hazardous chemicals. The synthesized CuO NPs were thoroughly characterized employing a range of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) analysis, Electrochemical studies, and antimicrobial activity. The crystallite size of the CuO NPs was determined through XRD measurements. Optical characterizations, such as the UV–visible absorption spectrum and PL analysis, elucidate the optical band gap, crystalline quality, electron–hole surface recombination, and impurity levels in the synthesized materials. The presence of functional groups was validated via FTIR analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzed the sample's surface morphology. Find energy density, specific capacitance, over potential, and resistance from the electrochemical studies. A cyclic voltammetry study was explored for the prepared CuO sample at the different scan rates (mV/s). CuO NPs exhibited the highest specific capacitance value of 189.97 (F/g) and Energy density of 15.19 (Wh/kg). The CuO NPs were used as efficient electrocatalysts for HER activity for base media. The CuO NPs exhibit the over-potential of 153 mV at the scan rate of 10 mV. Additionally, the antimicrobial assessment indicates that CuO NPs exhibit exceptional antifungal properties and optimal antibacterial efficacy.

Graphical abstract