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<p>This study presents the Floating Absorber Spherical Solar Still (FASPSS), a novel desalination system integrating buoyant cork absorbers with black-coated metal panels and capillary-fed wicks to maximize solar absorption and sustain continuous evaporation. Enhanced by external mirrors amplifying solar irradiance, the design optimizes both evaporation and condensation efficiency. The effect of number of floating absorber number and reflectors is studied. Experimental evaluations of three configurations (FASPSS-4&#xa0;A, -6&#xa0;A, -8&#xa0;A) demonstrated remarkable performance: the FASPSS-6&#xa0;A with reflectors achieved a peak fresh water yield of 10,550mL/m²·day, representing a 140% increase over conventional systems (SPSS), alongside 54% thermal efficiency. The system’s scalability and adaptability to solar intensity underscore its potential for high-yield, energy-efficient desalination, with productivity directly correlated to absorber count and optimized configurations. Results confirm the FASPSS as a sustainable solution for freshwater scarcity, delivering significant enhancements in distillate output (57–140%) and eliminating dry zones through capillary-driven water distribution. As a result, readers will have a better comprehension of the most sophisticated suggestions for selecting different floating absorber numbers and reflectors. There are also suggestions for future research directions in this area.</p>

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Improving the Efficiency of Solar-Powered Desalination: A Spherical Solar Still with Floating Absorbers and Integrated Reflectors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • A. Aldabesh

摘要

This study presents the Floating Absorber Spherical Solar Still (FASPSS), a novel desalination system integrating buoyant cork absorbers with black-coated metal panels and capillary-fed wicks to maximize solar absorption and sustain continuous evaporation. Enhanced by external mirrors amplifying solar irradiance, the design optimizes both evaporation and condensation efficiency. The effect of number of floating absorber number and reflectors is studied. Experimental evaluations of three configurations (FASPSS-4 A, -6 A, -8 A) demonstrated remarkable performance: the FASPSS-6 A with reflectors achieved a peak fresh water yield of 10,550mL/m²·day, representing a 140% increase over conventional systems (SPSS), alongside 54% thermal efficiency. The system’s scalability and adaptability to solar intensity underscore its potential for high-yield, energy-efficient desalination, with productivity directly correlated to absorber count and optimized configurations. Results confirm the FASPSS as a sustainable solution for freshwater scarcity, delivering significant enhancements in distillate output (57–140%) and eliminating dry zones through capillary-driven water distribution. As a result, readers will have a better comprehension of the most sophisticated suggestions for selecting different floating absorber numbers and reflectors. There are also suggestions for future research directions in this area.