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<p>This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and enhanced adsorption performance of graphene oxide spinel cobalt ferrite (GO-CoFe₂O₄) nanocomposites. The GO-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites was synthesized via co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods. The prepared nanocomposites was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, TGA, pHpzc, and BET measurements. SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the successful incorporation of cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles within graphene oxide (GO) sheets. The XRD investigations further confirmed the crystalline spinel phase of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles in the GO nanosheets. The adsorption performance of GO-CoFe₂O₄ was evaluated using the anionic dye Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and aniline as model pollutants. Adsorption experiments were performed by considering the effect of medium pH (2–12), adsorbent dose (0.33–8.33&#xa0;g L<sup>-1</sup>), initial concentration (50–1000 mg L<sup>-1</sup>), temperature (298–328&#xa0;K), and contact time (5–400&#xa0;min). Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of AO7 and aniline followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, with maximum adsorption capacities (q<sub>m</sub>) of 312.5 mg g<sup>-1</sup> for AO7 and 275.5 mg g<sup>-1</sup> for aniline at 328&#xa0;K, with a GO-CoFe₂O₄ dose of 1.66&#xa0;g L<sup>-1</sup>. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed endothermic adsorption (∆H° &gt; 0), with negative ∆G° and positive ∆S° values, suggesting spontaneous adsorption and increased randomness on GO-CoFe₂O₄ surface. Additionally, the GO-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibited effective regeneration and reusability over five cycles, demonstrating its potential as an efficient adsorbent for organic pollutant removal.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Fabrication of Graphene Oxide-Cobalt Ferrite Nanocomposites for the Remediation of Organic Pollutants from Aqueous Solution: Kinetics, Isotherms, Thermodynamics, and Regeneration Aspects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Abid Ullah,
  • Tahira Mahmood,
  • Rahmat Ali,
  • Saima Momin

摘要

This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and enhanced adsorption performance of graphene oxide spinel cobalt ferrite (GO-CoFe₂O₄) nanocomposites. The GO-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites was synthesized via co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods. The prepared nanocomposites was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, TGA, pHpzc, and BET measurements. SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the successful incorporation of cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles within graphene oxide (GO) sheets. The XRD investigations further confirmed the crystalline spinel phase of CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles in the GO nanosheets. The adsorption performance of GO-CoFe₂O₄ was evaluated using the anionic dye Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and aniline as model pollutants. Adsorption experiments were performed by considering the effect of medium pH (2–12), adsorbent dose (0.33–8.33 g L-1), initial concentration (50–1000 mg L-1), temperature (298–328 K), and contact time (5–400 min). Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of AO7 and aniline followed pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, with maximum adsorption capacities (qm) of 312.5 mg g-1 for AO7 and 275.5 mg g-1 for aniline at 328 K, with a GO-CoFe₂O₄ dose of 1.66 g L-1. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed endothermic adsorption (∆H° > 0), with negative ∆G° and positive ∆S° values, suggesting spontaneous adsorption and increased randomness on GO-CoFe₂O₄ surface. Additionally, the GO-CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibited effective regeneration and reusability over five cycles, demonstrating its potential as an efficient adsorbent for organic pollutant removal.

Graphical Abstract