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<p>The Sanjiang Plain, a crucial cold-region agricultural hub in China, hinges on groundwater security for ecological stability and human well-being, necessitating comprehensive water quality assessment. This study analyzed 150 groundwater samples, measuring basic parameters and ion concentrations to uncover three significant findings: secondly, Multi-layer weighted principal component analysis (MLWPCA) is superior to traditional principal component analysis (PCA) in cold agricultural regions. Specifically, while providing an overall evaluation, the use of subsets allows for a more detailed evaluation and calculation of groundwater quality, thereby making the evaluation of groundwater quality more reasonable. Finally, while most groundwater remains suitable for irrigation and drinking, targeted management strategies are required to mitigate nitrogen pollution. The study’s findings and the innovative MLWPCA approach offer actionable insights for sustainable groundwater management and agricultural development in the Sanjiang Plain and similar cold regions.</p>

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Spatial Variability and Ecological Assessment of Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry in the Sanjiang Plain

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Yeping Li,
  • Xiangxi Meng,
  • tao Zhan,
  • Guowei Zhao,
  • Enbao Wang,
  • Xin Jiang,
  • Minglan Ren

摘要

The Sanjiang Plain, a crucial cold-region agricultural hub in China, hinges on groundwater security for ecological stability and human well-being, necessitating comprehensive water quality assessment. This study analyzed 150 groundwater samples, measuring basic parameters and ion concentrations to uncover three significant findings: secondly, Multi-layer weighted principal component analysis (MLWPCA) is superior to traditional principal component analysis (PCA) in cold agricultural regions. Specifically, while providing an overall evaluation, the use of subsets allows for a more detailed evaluation and calculation of groundwater quality, thereby making the evaluation of groundwater quality more reasonable. Finally, while most groundwater remains suitable for irrigation and drinking, targeted management strategies are required to mitigate nitrogen pollution. The study’s findings and the innovative MLWPCA approach offer actionable insights for sustainable groundwater management and agricultural development in the Sanjiang Plain and similar cold regions.