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<p>Decentralized wastewater treatment is crucial in efficiently reusing water in urban areas. The rotating biological contactor (RBC) has emerged as a promising technology for small-scale sewage treatment plants (STPs). Over the years, advancements in this technology have significantly improved performance, with key modifications such as staging, increased disc surface area, changes in disc material, enhanced aeration, and optimized rotation speeds. This research involves the design, installation, and performance evaluation of a 100 KLD STP utilizing RDBC technology, a modified version of the RBC process. This study is the first to evaluate the application of RDBC technology for municipal wastewater treatment featuring a unique process setup. Process optimization involves evaluating four aeration methods—natural, forced, diffused, combined&#xa0;and three drum rotation speeds (1.5, 3, and 4.5 RPM). STP performance was assessed with the percentage reduction of four key quality parameters: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and nitrogen. Optimal performance was observed at a 3 RPM drum rotation speed combined with natural aeration, achieving reductions of 91.76% in BOD, 92.86% in COD, 89.29% in TSS, and 71.43% in nitrogen. These findings validate the optimal operational parameters of small-scale RDBC plants for low to medium-strength municipal wastewater treatment, thereby establishing RDBC as a promising solution for decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. As the plant was installed at a municipal sewage pumping station, several real-life operational challenges such as variation in inflow quality, quantity, and operational time constraints were faced occasionally, and the same were overcome.</p>

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Performance Evaluation and Optimization of 100 KLD Capacity Rotating Drum Biological Contactor (RDBC)-Based STP for Decentralized Municipal Wastewater Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Prakash V. Shirsat,
  • Anju Singh,
  • Suresh P Deshmukh,
  • Markus Starkl,
  • Isabell Martin

摘要

Decentralized wastewater treatment is crucial in efficiently reusing water in urban areas. The rotating biological contactor (RBC) has emerged as a promising technology for small-scale sewage treatment plants (STPs). Over the years, advancements in this technology have significantly improved performance, with key modifications such as staging, increased disc surface area, changes in disc material, enhanced aeration, and optimized rotation speeds. This research involves the design, installation, and performance evaluation of a 100 KLD STP utilizing RDBC technology, a modified version of the RBC process. This study is the first to evaluate the application of RDBC technology for municipal wastewater treatment featuring a unique process setup. Process optimization involves evaluating four aeration methods—natural, forced, diffused, combined and three drum rotation speeds (1.5, 3, and 4.5 RPM). STP performance was assessed with the percentage reduction of four key quality parameters: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and nitrogen. Optimal performance was observed at a 3 RPM drum rotation speed combined with natural aeration, achieving reductions of 91.76% in BOD, 92.86% in COD, 89.29% in TSS, and 71.43% in nitrogen. These findings validate the optimal operational parameters of small-scale RDBC plants for low to medium-strength municipal wastewater treatment, thereby establishing RDBC as a promising solution for decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. As the plant was installed at a municipal sewage pumping station, several real-life operational challenges such as variation in inflow quality, quantity, and operational time constraints were faced occasionally, and the same were overcome.