<p>Thermal stresses arising from temperature variations, solar radiation, and thermal shocks pose a major problem for the durability of massive concrete structures such as bridges, pavements, and water tanks. In the case of bridges, thermal gradients lead to the development of bending and tensile stresses, whereas in the case of pavements, thermal gradients cause warping and might even result in joint problems. Water tanks undergo the formation of tensile zones due to rapid thermal cycles, which linear elastic models frequently do not take into account adequately. The incorporation of fiber reinforcement and phase change materials (PCMs) to prevent cracking and improve thermal performance are some of the mitigation methods used. The measure of the value obtained through these methods would have to be weighed through a combination of experimental studies and numerical modelling. Finite element modelling (FEM) is, however, quite useful in the prediction of nonlinear thermal gradients, and coupled thermal–mechanical simulations help in understanding the transient behavior in systems that are under restraint. This evaluation combines both the experimental and numerical results, signals the areas where little or no information is available, and specifies what future investigations are required to increase the thermal resistance of concrete structures in different climates, thus allowing the design to be more resilient.</p>