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<p>The increasing demand for sustainable paving technologies has driven research into bio-based additives capable of reducing energy consumption and improving asphalt mixture performance. This study evaluated the chemical, empirical physical, and rheological behavior of asphalt binders modified with pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense), a native Brazilian bio-oil, aiming to assess its potential as an additive for asphalt mixtures. Petroleum asphalt cement with a 50/70 penetration grade (PAC 50/70) was modified with 1, 2, and 3% pequi oil by weight. The characterization included chemical analysis, penetration, softening point, rotational viscosity, and advanced rheological tests before and after short-term aging. The chemical analysis revealed the presence of ester and carbonyl functional groups, indicating good compatibility and absence of significant oxidation after aging. Increasing pequi oil content led to a progressive decrease in viscosity and softening point, confirming its plasticizing effect. Rheological tests showed that each 1% increment of oil reduced the Performance Grade (PG) by approximately 2&#xa0;°C. The modified binders exhibited reduced stiffness (G*) and higher phase angles (δ), reflecting enhanced flexibility but reduced elastic recovery. Rheological tests showed Jnr &gt; 4.0 and negligible recovery, classifying the binders as unsuitable for heavy traffic but effective for moderate conditions. LAS results indicated that fatigue life decreased with higher oil contents, with BFF (Binder Fatigue Factor) values transitioning from “intermediate” to “inferior” at 3% addition. The blending analysis predicted that binders with 1–3% pequi oil can accommodate 35–52% RAP for a target PG of 70&#xa0;°C. Overall, pequi oil demonstrated technical potential as a sustainable asphalt modifier, reducing production temperature and energy demand while enhancing pavement circularity, both through material circularity via the incorporation of RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) and systemic circularity through the integration of bio-based supply chains.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Analysis of the chemical, physical, and rheological properties of asphalt binder modified with pequi oil for potential application in asphalt mixtures

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Marco Aurélio de Teixeira e Lima,
  • Paulo Germano Tavares Marinho Filho,
  • Arthur Felipe de Farias Monteiro,
  • Lara Pereira Tavares Mendes,
  • Sonaly Mendes Arruda,
  • Brenda Maria Barreto de Souza,
  • Leda Christiane de Figueiredo Lopes Lucena,
  • Osires de Medeiros Melo Neto

摘要

The increasing demand for sustainable paving technologies has driven research into bio-based additives capable of reducing energy consumption and improving asphalt mixture performance. This study evaluated the chemical, empirical physical, and rheological behavior of asphalt binders modified with pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense), a native Brazilian bio-oil, aiming to assess its potential as an additive for asphalt mixtures. Petroleum asphalt cement with a 50/70 penetration grade (PAC 50/70) was modified with 1, 2, and 3% pequi oil by weight. The characterization included chemical analysis, penetration, softening point, rotational viscosity, and advanced rheological tests before and after short-term aging. The chemical analysis revealed the presence of ester and carbonyl functional groups, indicating good compatibility and absence of significant oxidation after aging. Increasing pequi oil content led to a progressive decrease in viscosity and softening point, confirming its plasticizing effect. Rheological tests showed that each 1% increment of oil reduced the Performance Grade (PG) by approximately 2 °C. The modified binders exhibited reduced stiffness (G*) and higher phase angles (δ), reflecting enhanced flexibility but reduced elastic recovery. Rheological tests showed Jnr > 4.0 and negligible recovery, classifying the binders as unsuitable for heavy traffic but effective for moderate conditions. LAS results indicated that fatigue life decreased with higher oil contents, with BFF (Binder Fatigue Factor) values transitioning from “intermediate” to “inferior” at 3% addition. The blending analysis predicted that binders with 1–3% pequi oil can accommodate 35–52% RAP for a target PG of 70 °C. Overall, pequi oil demonstrated technical potential as a sustainable asphalt modifier, reducing production temperature and energy demand while enhancing pavement circularity, both through material circularity via the incorporation of RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) and systemic circularity through the integration of bio-based supply chains.

Graphical abstract