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<p>This research aims to advance sustainable concrete development by improving its microstructure, strength, and crack resistance compared to conventional concrete. Traditional water-intensive curing methods are impractical in water-scarce areas and tall buildings. This study focuses on developing a water-independent curing solution. Shrinkage Reduction Admixtures (SRA) such as PEG 400 and PEG 600, in proportions of 1% to 5% of the binder, are used to mitigate shrinkage and enable internal curing. Additionally, porous aggregates like pumice stone (PU), light expanded clay aggregate (LECA), and super absorbent polymers (SAP) serve as internal reservoirs for cement hydration. Various ratios of PU and LECA (1% to 5%) and SAP (0.05% to 0.25%) result in 26 unique formulations. Experimental results show significant improvements in concrete strength, reduced shrinkage, and lower water demand. LECA concrete performs best, followed by PU, SAP, PEG 600, and PEG 400. Optimal self-curing agent levels are PEG 400 (4%), PEG 600 (3%), SAP (0.15%), LECA (3%), and PU (4%). These agents enhance hydration, water retention, workability, and curing consistency, resulting in stronger, more durable concrete. SEM and EDX analyses confirm enhanced microstructural characteristics and elemental composition in self-curing concrete formulations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) supports experimental variables, and multilinear regression (MLR) modelling accurately predicts self-curing concrete characteristics, aligning closely with experimental data.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Strength and microstructural properties in water-sustainable self-curing concrete with pumice stone, PEG, LECA, and SAP

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Mahesh Navnath Patil,
  • Hiteshkumar Santosh Patil,
  • Yogesh Narayan Sonawane,
  • Shailendrakumar Damodar Dubey

摘要

This research aims to advance sustainable concrete development by improving its microstructure, strength, and crack resistance compared to conventional concrete. Traditional water-intensive curing methods are impractical in water-scarce areas and tall buildings. This study focuses on developing a water-independent curing solution. Shrinkage Reduction Admixtures (SRA) such as PEG 400 and PEG 600, in proportions of 1% to 5% of the binder, are used to mitigate shrinkage and enable internal curing. Additionally, porous aggregates like pumice stone (PU), light expanded clay aggregate (LECA), and super absorbent polymers (SAP) serve as internal reservoirs for cement hydration. Various ratios of PU and LECA (1% to 5%) and SAP (0.05% to 0.25%) result in 26 unique formulations. Experimental results show significant improvements in concrete strength, reduced shrinkage, and lower water demand. LECA concrete performs best, followed by PU, SAP, PEG 600, and PEG 400. Optimal self-curing agent levels are PEG 400 (4%), PEG 600 (3%), SAP (0.15%), LECA (3%), and PU (4%). These agents enhance hydration, water retention, workability, and curing consistency, resulting in stronger, more durable concrete. SEM and EDX analyses confirm enhanced microstructural characteristics and elemental composition in self-curing concrete formulations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) supports experimental variables, and multilinear regression (MLR) modelling accurately predicts self-curing concrete characteristics, aligning closely with experimental data.

Graphical Abstract